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角膜检查可诊断糖尿病自主神经病变

2014-10-11 zhouyang040168 丁香园

英国曼彻斯特大学人类发展研究所内分泌、糖尿病研究中心的研究员 Tavakoli,在欧洲糖尿病研究学会糖尿病性神经病研究组年会上,分享其对 52 名研究对象观察的结果:角膜共焦显微镜可发现亚临床及显现的糖尿病自主神经病变。 Tavakoli 分析:糖尿病自主神经病变的早期诊断较为困难,目前主要依靠心脏自主功能测试,然而此项检查的灵敏度、特异度有限,且

英国曼彻斯特大学人类发展研究所内分泌、糖尿病研究中心的研究员 Tavakoli,在欧洲糖尿病研究学会糖尿病性神经病研究组年会上,分享其对 52 名研究对象观察的结果:角膜共焦显微镜可发现亚临床及显现的糖尿病自主神经病变。

Tavakoli 分析:糖尿病自主神经病变的早期诊断较为困难,目前主要依靠心脏自主功能测试,然而此项检查的灵敏度、特异度有限,且会受到心血管疾病及心脏药物治疗的影响。

Tavakoli 及其同仁首次研究评估角膜共聚焦显微镜检查在糖尿病自主神经病变诊断中的应用,并发现角膜神经纤维参数与复合自主症状量表(COMPASS)、复合自主评分量表(CASS)间相关性较为紧密,COMPASS、CASS 均囊括大量如汗腺功能、立位血压、及倾斜和瓦萨瓦活动后心率改变等自主功能检测项目。

研究数据显示角膜神经情况与自主神经功能紊乱的严重程度有着高度的相关性,其可高度特异、灵敏的诊断糖尿病自主神经病变。英国谢菲尔德教学医院临床糖尿病顾问 Selvarajah 评论该研究,角膜共焦显微镜检查是评估早期神经病变的早期指标,其测量角膜微小的神经纤维;研究同样显示角膜神经纤维的改变与糖尿病其他微小纤维功能异常(自主神经病变)有关。

检查灵敏度及特异度较高

研究纳入 23 名 I 型糖尿病、11 名Ⅱ型糖尿病患者,平均年龄 43 岁,其中 19 名存在糖尿病自主神经病变(CASS>2)患糖尿病 26 年,15 名无糖尿病自主神经病变者(CASS≤2)患病仅 12 年。糖尿病自主神经病变者平均 HbA1c 为 9.4%,无糖尿病自主神经病变者则为 7.6%,两组检查结果均与 18 名年龄匹配的健康对照对比。

糖尿病自主神经病变者角膜神经纤维长度为 2.6mm/mm2,无糖尿病自主神经病变者为 7.08 mm/mm2,正常对照者为 9.7 mm/mm2。糖尿病自主神经病变者的角膜神经纤维密度为 13.5/mm2,无自主神经病变者为 35.7/mm2,对照者为 48.3/mm2;相应三组神经分支密度分别为每 mm2 6.5,21.2,30.1。

所有这些差异均有统计学意义,角膜神经参数与 COMPASS、CASS 密切相关。如果将<4.78mm/mm2 作为角膜神经纤维长度的界值、将<23.26/mm2 作为角膜神经纤维密度的界值,则其诊断糖尿病自主神经病变的灵敏度为 86%、特异度为 78%。当取<9.53/mm2 作为神经分支密度界值时,其灵敏度可达 100%、特意度为 56%。

Selvarajah 认为此项前期研究证实角膜共聚焦显微镜测量的改变与自主神经紊乱相关,为将来临床研究提供依据,但仍需长期前瞻性研究。同样 Tavakoli 指出,在角膜共聚焦显微镜图像获取、选择、分析方面需要进一步的标准化,以便长期前瞻、多中心研究的开展。


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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。

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    2014-10-13 snowpeakxu
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    2014-10-13 axin012
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