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Lancet:钠钾摄入量与血压及心血管疾病的关系

2018-08-13 任懿(武汉科技大学附属天佑医院 ) 信诺医讯

WHO建议日均摄入2克钠(相当于5克盐/日), 作为人口范围内降低心血管疾病及死亡风险的措施。其制定依据源于钠摄入量与血压相关的理论以及降低血压可相应减少临床心血管疾病风险的推测。然而前期研究样本少且未证实钠摄入量与心脑血管疾病或死亡率之间的直接关系。

WHO建议日均摄入2克钠(相当于5克盐/日), 作为人口范围内降低血管疾病及死亡风险的措施。其制定依据源于钠摄入量与血压相关的理论以及降低血压可相应减少临床血管疾病风险的推测。然而前期研究样本少且未证实钠摄入量与心脑血管疾病或死亡率之间的直接关系。 

此前瞻性的多国城市农村流行病学研究通过测量24小时尿液排泄钠钾量来计算钠钾的摄入量。18个国家数据显示,80%的中国居民日均钠摄入量超过5g,84%的其他人群在3-5g。钠摄入每增加1g伴随收缩压2.86mmHg的增加,但此正相关系仅存于钠摄入量范围最高1/3的人群(p<0.0001)。

钠摄入量均值与主要心血管事件的关系呈统计学意义上的线性偏离 (p=0.043),其中摄入量范围最低1/3的人群(平均摄入量4.04 g/d,范围3.42 ~4.43,p=0.0497)与之呈负相关,摄入量范围最高1/3的人群(最高>5.08 g/d,平均摄取量5.75 g/d,p=0.0712)与之呈正相关,其余人群与之无相关关系。

在中国,钠摄入量与中风风险的相关性高于其他国家(4.49 g/天, p=0.0124)。所有地区,随着钾摄入量的增加,中风、心脑血管死亡和总死亡率下降。 

研究表明,针对钠摄入量均值较高(如>5g/天)的地区,地方范围内推广减少钠摄入的战略可能比全球范围的战略更有效,但建议在全球范围内提倡高钾食品的摄入。

原始出处:Andrew Mente, PhD, Prof Martin O'Donnell, MD, Sumathy Rangarajan, MSc, et al. Urinary sodium excretion, blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: a community-level prospective epidemiological cohort study. Lancet.  August 11, 2018

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    2019-07-03 lmm397
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    2019-07-10 howi
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    2018-08-13 phoebeyan520

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-08-13 太阳系小猪

    中国人普遍口味较重~比较难控制

    0

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    2018-08-13 哈哈869

    学习了

    0

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    2018-08-13 sunfeifeiyang

    0

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