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Blood:血流剪切应力促进内皮细胞释放RNA介导侧支动脉形成

2019-09-10 MedSci MedSci原创

血管系统中的流体剪切应力是旁路自然生长的驱动力,是抵消闭塞性血管疾病(如中风或心肌梗死)的有害后果的一种基本的内源性机制。这一过程被称为动脉形成,它依赖于白细胞的局部聚集,而白细胞为已有的侧支动脉提供生长因子,促进其生长。虽然已经鉴定出几种机制蛋白,但导致局部白细胞募集的一系列机制转导事件仍不明确。在小鼠动脉形成(股动脉结扎处理)模型中,Manuel Lasch等人发现流体剪切应力增加时,内皮细胞

血管系统中的流体剪切应力是旁路自然生长的驱动力,是抵消闭塞性血管疾病(如中风或心肌梗死)的有害后果的一种基本的内源性机制。这一过程被称为动脉形成,它依赖于白细胞的局部聚集,而白细胞为已有的侧支动脉提供生长因子,促进其生长。虽然已经鉴定出几种机制蛋白,但导致局部白细胞募集的一系列机制转导事件仍不明确。

在小鼠动脉形成(股动脉结扎处理)模型中,Manuel Lasch等人发现流体剪切应力增加时,内皮细胞会释放RNA,而予以RNase抑制剂阻断血浆RNase的可改善灌注恢复。相反,用牛胰腺RNase A或人重组RNase1处理会干扰白细胞的募集和侧支动脉的生长。

本研究结果表明,细胞外RNA (eRNA)通过血管内皮生长因子受体2 (VEGFR2)调节白细胞的募集 ,这一点在小鼠提睾肌炎症模型的玻璃体内显微研究中得到了证实。此外,研究人员还发现剪切应力引起的血管性血友病因子(vWF)释放依赖于VEGFR2。阻断VEGFR2、应用RNase或vWF缺乏会干扰血小板-中性粒细胞的聚集,而血小板-中性粒细胞聚集对动脉形成的炎症过程至关重要。

综上所述,本结果表明在剪切应力作用下,内皮细胞释放eRNA。这种细胞外核酸,通过诱导vWF的释放在信号转导过程中发挥关键作用,从而启动了对动脉形成的必不可少的多步骤炎症过程。

原始出处:

Manuel Lasch,et al.Extracellular RNA released due to shear stress controls natural bypass growth by mediating mechanotransduction. Blood 2019 :blood.2019001392; doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019001392

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