Am J Cardiol：急性冠脉综合征和缺血性卒中危险因素相似

　　希腊一项研究表明，急性冠脉综合征和缺血性卒中的相关危险因素基本相似，因此有有利于同时实施一级预防措施。论文4月29日在线发表于《美国心脏病学杂志》（Am J Cardiol）。

　　此项研究共纳入250例首次急性冠脉综合征患者、250例首次缺血性卒中患者以及500例基于人群的对照者；以1:1比率依据年龄和性别配对。对吸烟/被动吸烟、心血管疾病家族史、无体育活动、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、超重和肥胖、特质焦虑以及地中海膳食依从等心血管疾病危险因素加以评估。受试者对上述危险因素的重要性认知进行分级。

　　结果显示，吸烟和高胆固醇血症为效应最强的急性冠脉综合征危险因素；对于卒中而言则为焦虑和心血管疾病家族史（P 均<0.01）。对急性冠脉综合征和卒中各危险因素的比值比进行比较可发现非显著性差异，但吸烟除外。基于受试者的健康观念，吸烟和压力为最重要的危险因素，但受试者均将被动吸烟分级为次要危险因素。

与卒中相关的拓展阅读：

• Stroke：梗死体积较血管再通情况能够更好地预测卒中预后
• Stroke：超高龄患者的运动和认知能力影响对血压与卒中之间的相关性
• NRR：强制性运动疗法促进脑卒中偏瘫患者的脑功能重组
• Neurology：食用番茄可降低卒中风险
• 糖尿病患者缺血性卒中风险或无种族差异 更多信息请点击：有关卒中更多资讯

Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Influencing Nonfatal Acute Coronary Syndrome and Ischemic Stroke
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to compare the influence of classic cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors on the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and ischemic stroke. During 2009-2010, 1,000 participants were enrolled: 250 were consecutive patients with a first ACS, 250 were consecutive patients with a first ischemic stroke, and 500 were population-based, control subjects, 1-for-1 matched to the patients by age and gender. The following CVD risk factors were evaluated: smoking/passive smoking, family history of CVD, physical inactivity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, presence of overweight and obesity, trait anxiety (assessed with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y-2), and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (assessed by the MedDietScore). Furthermore, participants graded the perceived significance of the aforementioned factors, using a scale from 1 (not important) to 9 (very important). The risk factors with the highest effect size for ACS, as determined by the Wald criterion, were smoking and hypercholesterolemia; regarding stroke, they were anxiety and family history of CVD (all p <0.01). When the odds ratios of each factor for ACS and stroke were compared, insignificant differences were observed, except for smoking. On the basis of the participants' health beliefs, smoking and stress emerged as the most important risk factors, whereas all subjects graded passive smoking as a least important factor. In conclusion, similarities of the risk factors regarding ACS and ischemic stroke facilitate simultaneous primary prevention measures.