Baidu
map

NAT COMMUN:为什么有些病原体对女性更温柔?

2017-03-11 佚名 Nature自然科研

不少疾病对女性的致死率比对男性要低。通常我们会认为这是女性的免疫反应较强所致,但事情可能并没有那么简单。

不少疾病对女性的致死率比对男性要低。通常我们会认为这是女性的免疫反应较强所致,但事情可能并没有那么简单。

Alex Fan

英国伦敦大学皇家哈洛维学院的Francisco úbeda和Vincent Jansen提出了另一种解释。他们在本周《自然-通讯》发表的研究The evolution of sex-specific virulence in infectious diseases中显示,某些病原体可能演化出对女性造成的疾病严重程度和致死频率低于男性的特性。

病原体的水平与垂直传染模型。úbeda et al.

然而这些病原体对女性更容易“网开一面”倒不是因为它们突然起了怜香惜玉之心,而是出于更“自私”的目的。研究者认为,除了可以通过和男性一样的方式将病原体传递给其它人群外,女性还可以在怀孕、生产和哺乳期将病原体传递给子女。当女性比男性拥有更多的病原体传播路径时,在女性体内引发严重程度较低的疾病对病原体而言是一种可取的演化策略。研究显示,女性较男性额外拥有的病原体传播机会可能对病原体产生充分的演化压力,推动病原体的性别特异病毒性演化。

母婴传播与病原体繁衍。úbeda et al.

作者认为,他们的发现也许可以解释在不同人口群体中,男性和女性从人类嗜T淋巴球病毒一型(HTLV-1)感染发展成成人T细胞白血病(ATL,一种血癌类型)的频率差异。例如,在加勒比海地区,男性和女性从HTLV-1发展成ATL的频率并无不同,但是在日本,男性比女性更经常从HTLV-1发展成ATL。与加勒比海地区的女性相比,日本母亲通过母乳哺育婴儿的比例更高,哺乳期也更长。

加勒比海地区和日本的HTLV-1不同性别的致死率。úbeda et al.

作者认为,如果女性可以比男性提供更多的传播机会,女性则成为更有价值的病原体宿主。因此从演化角度来看,病原体在女性体内引发严重程度较低的疾病是可以理解的。

始出处:

úbeda F, Jansen V A A. The evolution of sex-specific virulence in infectious diseases[J]. Nature Communications, 2016, 7:13849.


版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086953, encodeId=c87f208695315, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Sat Nov 04 00:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881731, encodeId=7d881881e3130, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Aug 02 10:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510632, encodeId=7565151063208, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2efbe0807b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病原体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70807, encryptionId=2efbe0807b1, topicName=病原体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6c210226313, createdName=xue8605, createdTime=Mon Mar 13 02:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=179172, encodeId=29cd1e917229, content=跟进热点,信息丰富, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Mar 11 20:52:26 CST 2017, time=2017-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-04 liuli5079
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086953, encodeId=c87f208695315, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Sat Nov 04 00:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881731, encodeId=7d881881e3130, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Aug 02 10:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510632, encodeId=7565151063208, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2efbe0807b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病原体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70807, encryptionId=2efbe0807b1, topicName=病原体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6c210226313, createdName=xue8605, createdTime=Mon Mar 13 02:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=179172, encodeId=29cd1e917229, content=跟进热点,信息丰富, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Mar 11 20:52:26 CST 2017, time=2017-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-08-02 liye789132251
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086953, encodeId=c87f208695315, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Sat Nov 04 00:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881731, encodeId=7d881881e3130, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Aug 02 10:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510632, encodeId=7565151063208, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2efbe0807b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病原体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70807, encryptionId=2efbe0807b1, topicName=病原体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6c210226313, createdName=xue8605, createdTime=Mon Mar 13 02:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=179172, encodeId=29cd1e917229, content=跟进热点,信息丰富, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Mar 11 20:52:26 CST 2017, time=2017-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-13 xue8605
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086953, encodeId=c87f208695315, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Sat Nov 04 00:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881731, encodeId=7d881881e3130, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Aug 02 10:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510632, encodeId=7565151063208, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2efbe0807b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病原体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70807, encryptionId=2efbe0807b1, topicName=病原体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6c210226313, createdName=xue8605, createdTime=Mon Mar 13 02:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=179172, encodeId=29cd1e917229, content=跟进热点,信息丰富, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Mar 11 20:52:26 CST 2017, time=2017-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-11 虈亣靌

    跟进热点,信息丰富

    0

相关资讯

Science:肠道病原体能利用人体修复机制让我们病倒

导语:为什么一些食源性细菌会使我们生病?一篇9月16日发表在Science杂志上的一篇论文发现,肠道中的病原体引起损害,是因为它们能从原本用来修复细菌起初对肠道损害的免疫系统反应中获益。为什么一些食源性细菌会使我们生病?一篇9月16日发表在Science杂志上的一篇论文发现,肠道中的病原体引起损害,是因为它们能从原本用来修复细菌起初对肠道损害的免疫系统反应中获益。加州大学戴维斯分校的通讯作者And

Cell:胆固醇也好的一面:有助清除病原体

我们免疫系统的细胞通过将病原体包裹在一个被称作吞噬体(phagosome)的区室中来杀死它们。吞噬体经历程序性成熟,随后将病原体降解掉。与这种降解密切相关的是诸如动力蛋白(dynein)和驱动蛋白(kinesin)之类的纳米级“马达”蛋白主动运输细胞内的吞噬体。马达蛋白是很多类型生物运动的动力产生器。由这些马达蛋白携带的吞噬体起初在细胞边缘附近来回移动,随后通过与其他区室融合而成熟。随着时间的推移

PLoS Pathog:揭示病原体逃脱机体免疫系统的分子机理

机体中的免疫系统有多种方法能够应对来自外界(比如病原体)的威胁,其中一种防御性机制就是自体吞噬过程(简称为自噬),我们可以将自噬想象成一种细胞吸尘器,其能够通过清除并且降解病原体或者细胞的破碎部分来维持细胞清洁,这就可以预防毒性废物的积累并且保护细胞的正常功能,自噬水平的降低在机体老化和

《自然》新闻:准备研究世界上危险病原体的中国实验室

研究人员即将在武汉的一家实验室研究全世界最危险的病原体。中国计划到2025年在大陆建成5-7个生物安全四级实验室(BSL-4,国内也称P4实验室),武汉国家生物安全实验室就是其中之一,对此,外界反应喜忧参半。

Hum Reprod Update:远离流产,需警惕这些病原体

想要宝宝的女性,对流产自然是不要不要的态度,然后并不是人人都能梦想成真。关于自然流产的病因多种多样,胎儿染色体异常、母体感染、生殖系统畸形、内分泌问题等等,所以其发生率很高,每五次妊娠中就有一次自然流产的发生,也就是说与你一同建卡的5个孕妈妈中,就有1个要承受自然流产所带来的生理、心理影响以及经济负担。现实是很残酷的。流产在我国的定义是妊娠不足28周、胎儿体重不足1000g而终止妊娠者称流产;流产

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map