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看SPSS软件如何实现t检验

2015-04-21 MedSci MedSci原创

T检验,亦称student t检验(Student's t test),主要用于样本含量较小(例如n<30),总体标准差σ未知的正态分布资料。T检验适合用于随机样本,单个样本所代表的总体呈正态分布,且各样本所代表的总体方差齐,比较的两组数据的分布是否一致。T检验实质上就是样本均值的比较。T检验分为单样本T检验、独立样本T检验、配对样本T检验、单因素ANOVA。一、单样本T检验单样本t检验的目

T检验,亦称student t检验(Student's t test),主要用于样本含量较小(例如n<30),总体标准差σ未知的正态分布资料。T检验适合用于随机样本,单个样本所代表的总体呈正态分布,且各样本所代表的总体方差齐,比较的两组数据的分布是否一致。T检验实质上就是样本均值的比较。T检验分为单样本T检验、独立样本T检验、配对样本T检验、单因素ANOVA。
 
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一、单样本T检验

单样本t检验的目的是利用来自总体的样本数据,推断该总体的均值是否与制定的检验值之间存在显著性差异。它是对总体均值的假设检验。


 
SPSS软件操作流程:

1.Analyze > Compare Means > One-Sample T Test

 

2.在打开的one-sample T Testp窗口中,检验变量(Test Variable)选择血红蛋白x, 检验值(Test Value)中输入14.02, 点击OK。输出结果。
 


二、独立样本T检验

独立样本T检验是用于两个独立样本均值的比较。两个样本必须独立且服从正态分布。



1.按照Analyze>Compare Means>Independent-Sample T Test操作打开Independent-Samples T Test窗口。

 

2.检验变量中选择PreWeight, 检验值为group(0 1)。点击OK,输出结果。




注意:Levene's test用于确定方差齐性,注意根据该结果判断哪一行数据为最终结论。如果分组在3组或3组以上的均值比较可以应用单因素ANOVA。

三、配对T检验

配对T检验用于比较成对数据均值差异。比如配对的两组受试对象分别接受两种处理后的比较。




1.Analyze>Compare Means>Paired-Samples T Test打开Paired-Samples T Test对话框。


 
2.成对变量(Paired Variables):干预前x1 干预后x2。确定,输出结果。



P=0.007<0.01,故可以认为健康教育前后该地区儿童血红蛋白(%)有变化,且血红蛋白(%)有所增加。

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    2015-10-24 1ddd8d42m16(暂无匿称)

    感动

    0

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    2015-10-24 1ddd8d42m16(暂无匿称)

    我要学习

    0

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    2015-05-02 huaxipanxing

    太感谢了

    0

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    2015-04-21 yydlt

    不错啊这个,正准备做!

    0

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    2015-04-21 yydlt

    太好了,能不能讲一个系列!

    0

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