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Antimicrob Agents Chemother:不只是病人,健康人也可“携带”“传播”耐药基因!

2017-03-12 佚名 新华社

中国研究人员发布最新报告称,在健康人中发现可抵抗多粘菌素的超级耐药基因mcr-1变体,而多粘菌素被视为抗生素中“最后一道防线”。这一发现意味着健康人能在不被觉察的情况下传播超级耐药基因,提示健康人中的耐药基因携带情况值得关注。这项研究发表在最新一期的美国《抗微生物制剂与化学疗法》月刊上。论文通讯作者、中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所研究员阚飙对新华社记者说,耐药菌株不只存在于病人中,健康人也同

中国研究人员发布最新报告称,在健康人中发现可抵抗多粘菌素的超级耐药基因mcr-1变体,而多粘菌素被视为抗生素中“最后一道防线”。这一发现意味着健康人能在不被觉察的情况下传播超级耐药基因,提示健康人中的耐药基因携带情况值得关注。



这项研究发表在最新一期的美国《抗微生物制剂与化学疗法》月刊上。论文通讯作者、中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所研究员阚飙对新华社记者说,耐药菌株不只存在于病人中,健康人也同样可能携带耐药基因,这是一个应对耐药细菌容易被忽视的公共卫生问题。此次报告从数名健康人携带的沙门氏菌中找到了mcr-1基因的变异形式,与之前的耐药基因有诸多不同。

首先,这个变体是从健康人携带的沙门氏菌中发现的。以前报告携带mcr-1的细菌,主要是大肠杆菌、克雷伯杆菌等容易造成院内感染的细菌,仅有少量病人体内的沙门氏菌携带mcr-1耐药基因的报告。沙门氏菌是常见的食源性致病菌,健康人携带含mcr-1耐药基因的沙门氏菌,意味着他们具有传播引起他人感染的可能性。由于健康人不会到医院就医和使用抗生素,因此他们会在不被觉察的情况下传播耐药基因。

其次,此次报告的mcr-1基因变体有两个位点的变异,造成了氨基酸的改变,检测显示它同样具有对多粘菌素的耐药性。这一结果意味着,虽然这一基因变体目前尚未造成耐药程度的升高,但这已显示mcr-1基因也在发生变异,因此提示要持续关注不同菌株中mcr-1基因的变异,以及变异是否会造成耐药性增强。

阚飙说:“这个研究发现了当前高度关注的mcr-1基因介导的多粘菌素抗性传播的一种新途径,即通过健康人携带含mcr-1基因的沙门氏菌不知不觉地传播。”

2015年,中国首次报告在牲畜和人身上发现了带mcr-1基因的细菌。这种基因由细胞中的质粒携带,可以通过质粒在不同细菌间传播。换句话说,该基因赋予细菌的耐药性可以传播给其他细菌,从而可能导致出现能对抗多种抗生素的细菌,因此引起极大关注。此后,欧盟与北美也相继发现了带有mcr-1基因的细菌。

随着抗生素使用愈加频繁,细菌的耐药性问题也日益凸显,目前抗菌能力最强的多粘菌素被视为抗生素“最后一道防线”。当青霉素、四环素等传统抗生素逐渐失效时,医护人员只能选择多粘菌素。鉴于农业和畜牧业中普遍使用多粘菌素,研究人员建议,应尽可能限制多粘菌素一切不必要的使用。

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    2018-01-13 仁医06
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    2017-09-08 xjy02
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    2017-04-05 grace5700
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    2017-03-12 Albert Wu

    随着抗生素使用愈加频繁,细菌的耐药性问题也日益凸显

    0

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