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Ann Surg:全程新辅助治疗(TNT)可提高晚期胰腺癌生存率

2019-04-21 Jelly 肿瘤资讯

胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)是一种高致死率的恶性肿瘤,其发病率不断上升。一项新的回顾性研究显示,若对全程新辅助治疗(TNT)产生最佳的生化和病理反应,那么无论是边缘性还是局部晚期胰腺癌患者的术后生存率都会显着延长。研究结果发表于近期的Annals of Surgery杂志。

胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)是一种高致死率的恶性肿瘤,其发病率不断上升。一项新的回顾性研究显示,若对全程新辅助治疗(TNT)产生最佳的生化和病理反应,那么无论是边缘性还是局部晚期胰腺癌患者的术后生存率都会显着延长。研究结果发表于近期的Annals of Surgery杂志。

研究背景

边缘可切除/局部晚期(BR/LA)胰腺导管腺癌的最佳术前治疗顺序尚不清楚。TNT或全身化疗后再行放化疗(CRT)可同时解决隐性转移和切缘阳性的风险,因此是一种潜在的最佳策略;然而,目前尚未明确预测围手术期和生存结局的因素。

研究方法

研究回顾了2010—2017年接受手术切除的边缘可切除/局部晚期患者的经验,对手术并发症发生率、死亡率和生存率进行了评估,以确定预后预测因素和反应终点。

研究结果

194例患者在TNT后接受了切除术,包括123例(63%)边缘可切除和71例(37%)局部晚期的胰腺导管腺癌患者。165例(85%)患者使用FOLFIRINOX方案,65例(34%)患者使用吉西他滨联合白蛋白结合型紫杉醇,其中36例(19%)需在长疗程CRT和随后的切除术前进行化疗。影像学降期率较低,为28%。125(65%)例患者需要整体静脉和/或动脉切除术,94%的患者达到R0切除。术后中位随访时间22.4个月,38%的患者复发。

90天的主要并发症发生率和死亡率分别为36%和6.7%。排除手术死亡,1年、2年和3年的中位无复发生存(RFS)率 [总生存(OS)率]分别为65%(96%)、48%(78%)和32%(62%)。影像学降期、血管切除和化疗方案/转换与生存率无关。

只有3个因素与延长生存期独立相关,包括延长化疗持续时间(6个周期)、最佳化疗后CA19-9反应和主要病理反应。与没有达到最佳CA19-9反应的患者相比,达到最佳CA19-9反应的患者RFS时间延长59% (P <0.001),OS延长51% (P=0.01)。接受6个周期或以上化疗的患者比接受6个周期以下化疗的患者RFS时间长51% (P=0.004),OS率高55% (P<0.001)。值得注意的是,在前期治疗中获得主要病理反应的患者比没有获得主要病理反应的患者,RFS时间长74% (P<0.001),OS率高84% (P<0.001)。

达到所有3个因素的患者具有较好的生存结局,每个失败因素对生存不利。在初次化疗后进行间隔代谢(PET)成像的患者中,完全代谢反应与主要病理反应高度相关。

结论

TNT在边缘可切除/局部晚期胰腺导管腺癌中的经验显示,尽管影像学降期率较低,但仍有很高的切缘阴性率。延长化疗时间和相关的生化和病理反应可高度预测术后生存。初始化疗治疗的潜在改变,包括延长周期以使CA19-9正常化或达到完全的代谢反应,或考虑化疗转换以实现这些因素,可能会在继续进行CRT和随后的切除术前提高患者生存率。

原始出处:
Truty M J, Kendrick M L, Nagorney D M, et al. Factors Predicting Response, Perioperative Outcomes, and Survival Following Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Borderline/Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer[J].Ann Surg,2019, (2019-04-05)[2019-04-19]. https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00000658-900000000-95162.

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