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Nature:汝之蜜“糖”,肿瘤之“砒霜”

2018-11-23 佚名 中国生物技术网

甘露糖是一种营养补充剂。发表在11月21日《Nature》上的一项研究发现,它能够延缓肿瘤生长并增强患有多种类型癌症小鼠的化疗效果。这项实验室研究由英国癌症研究中心和全球癌症研究组织资助,它向着了解甘露糖如何被用于治疗癌症迈进重要一步。

甘露糖是一种营养补充剂。发表在11月21日《Nature》上的一项研究发现,它能够延缓肿瘤生长并增强患有多种类型癌症小鼠的化疗效果。这项实验室研究由英国癌症研究中心和全球癌症研究组织资助,它向着了解甘露糖如何被用于治疗癌症迈进重要一步。

已知肿瘤比正常的健康组织消耗更多的葡萄糖。然而,很难只通过饮食控制身体中的葡萄糖含量。在这项研究中,研究人员发现甘露糖能够干扰葡萄糖,从而减少肿瘤的消耗。

该研究第一作者、英国癌症研究中心Beatson研究所的Kevin Ryan教授说:“肿瘤需要大量的糖来维持生长,所以限制肿瘤使用糖能延缓癌症进程。但问题在于,正常组织也需要葡萄糖,因此我们不能将它从体内完全清除。在我们的研究中,我们发现在小鼠体内一定剂量的甘露糖能够阻断葡萄糖,减缓肿瘤生长,而且不足以影响正常组织。这是一项早期研究,我们也希望能找到一种完美的平衡,未来可以利用甘露糖帮助癌症患者增强化疗的同时又不影响其整体健康。”

为此,研究人员向患有胰腺癌、肺癌和皮肤癌的小鼠饮用水中添加了甘露糖作为口服治疗,然后测试小鼠的反应。结果他们发现,添加甘露糖补充剂可以显著减缓肿瘤的生长,并且不会引起任何明显的副作用。

为了测试甘露糖如何影响癌症治疗,研究人员使用顺铂(cisplatin)和阿霉素(doxorubicin)这两种最广泛使用的化疗药物对小鼠进行治疗。他们发现,甘露糖增强了化疗的效果,减缓肿瘤生长,缩小了肿瘤体积,甚至延长了一些小鼠的寿命。

此外,研究人员还分析了几种其他癌症类型,包括白血病、骨肉瘤、卵巢癌和肠癌等。他们在实验室中培养癌细胞,然后用甘露糖对其进行治疗,观察癌细胞的生长是否受到影响。其中一些细胞对治疗反应良好,而其他细胞则不然。研究人员进一步分析发现,有一种酶能分解细胞中的甘露糖,这很好地指示了治疗的有效性。

Ryan教授补充说:“我们下一步将研究为什么治疗只在某些细胞中有效,以确定哪种患者可以通过这种方法受益。我们希望尽快开始使用甘露糖的人体临床试验,确定它作为一种新型癌症疗法的潜力。”

甘露糖有时也会用于治疗尿路感染,但其长期效果尚未研究。重要的是,在甘露糖被用于癌症患者之前,进行更多的研究是很重要的。

英国癌症研究中心的护士长Martin Ledwick说:“尽管这些研究结果使未来的癌症治疗看上去很有希望,但这仍然是很早期的研究,而且没有在人体上进行测试。患者不应该私自服用甘露糖,因为很可能存在测试尚未发现的副作用。在显著改变饮食或服用新补充剂之前,一定要先咨询医生,这非常重要。”

原始出处:
Pablo Sierra Gonzalez, James O’Prey, Simone Cardaci, et al. Mannose impairs tumour growth and enhances chemotherapy. Nature. Nov 2018.

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    2019-04-19 liye789132251
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    2018-11-24 医者仁心5538

    甘露糖很少用,甘露醇都是用过

    0

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    2018-11-24 kafei

    学习了谢谢

    0

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    2018-11-24 txqjm

    谢谢了,学习

    0

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