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Front Physiol:不同强度和时间有氧运动对中老年人血管内皮功能影响的Meta分析

2022-08-26 医路坦克 MedSci原创

有氧运动在改善血管内皮功能方面比阻力训练、高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和其他类型的运动更有效,我们进行了这项Meta分析以探讨不同强度和持续时间的有氧运动对中老年人血管内皮功能的影响。

老龄化是不可避免的心血管危险因素,年龄的增加会使身体更容易受到病理性应激的影响,并增加各种心血管疾病(CVD)的患病率,包括动脉硬化、高血压、中风等。血管内皮细胞是邻近血管管腔的单层细胞,在调节血管张力和维持血流动力学方面发挥重要作用,可直接作用于各种心血管和外周血管疾病。内皮功能障碍,特别是内皮依赖性血管扩张受损,与动脉僵硬、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病等有关。血流介导的肱动脉扩张(FMD)目前被用作评估血管扩张的参数,并在临床研究中独立用于预测心血管疾病的风险,这为我们提供了一种无创评估血管内皮功能的方法。此外,臂动脉FMD每减少1%,心血管疾病的风险就会增加13%

以往的研究发现,有氧运动在改善血管内皮功能方面比阻力训练、高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和其他类型的运动更有效,但不同强度和持续时间的有氧运动的效果尚不清楚。因此,我们进行了这项Meta分析,以探讨不同强度和持续时间的有氧运动对中老年人血管内皮功能的影响。

方法:检索截至2021年4月的数据库,评价不同强度和持续时间的有氧运动对血管内皮功能的影响,并用血流介导的扩张法(FMD)评价健康中老年人的血管内皮功能。使用随机效应模型合并数据以获得加权平均差(WMD)和95%可信区间(CI)。

8周以上不同强度有氧运动对健康中老年人FMD影响的Meta分析。合并估计值是从随机效应分析中获得的。钻石显示了每项研究的影响大小,总结为WMD。阴影方块的大小与每项研究的权重百分比成正比。水平线代表95%的可信区间,垂直虚线代表整体效果。8周及以上中等强度有氧运动与健康中老年人FMD无相关性[WMD1.49(95%CI,−0.62~3.6),P=0.17],8周及以上大强度有氧运动显著提高中老年人FMD[WMD1.48(95%CI,1.06~1.90),P<0.01]。

结果:共有9项研究,221名参与者符合纳入标准。有氧运动改善了健康中老年人的整体FMD[WMD,1.33(95%CI,0.37~2.28),P<0.05]。其中,大强度运动显著增加健康中老年人的腰围[腰围,1.10(95%CI,0.27~1.93),P<0.05],而中等强度运动与腰围无明显相关性[腰围,1.49(95%CI,−0.62~3.6),P=0.17]。长期(8周以上)有氧运动可增加健康中老年人的腰围[腰围,1.63(95%CI,0.61~2.66),P<0.05],而一次性急性有氧运动与健康中老年人的腰围[腰围,0.89(95%可信区间,−1.47~3.24),P=0.46]无明显相关性。其中,8周及以上大强度运动显著增加健康中老年人的腰围[腰围,1.48(95%CI,1.06~1.90),P<0.01],而8周及以上中等有氧运动与腰围无显著相关性[腰围,1.49(95%CI,−0.62~3.6),P=0.17]。

结论:有氧运动,尤其是8周以上的大强度有氧运动能改善健康中老年人的心血管内皮功能。

文献来源:You Q,  Yu L,  Li G,Effects of Different Intensities and Durations of Aerobic Exercise on Vascular Endothelial Function in Middle-Aged and Elderly People: A Meta-analysis.Front Physiol 2021;12

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    2022-11-20 guojianrong
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    2023-05-15 一闲
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    2022-08-19 明天jing

    有氧运动与无氧运动应该一直有争议,二者对健康的作用有差别,但是也应该有度(时间)的关系,过度运动可能并不合适,尤其是无氧运动。

    0

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