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Lancet Infect :慢性丙型肝炎治疗进展-Daclatasvir

2012-07-02 庞琳娜 中国医学论坛报

文献标题:Daclatasvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C genotype-1 infection: a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, phase 2a trial.文献来源: Lancet Infect Dis

文献标题:Daclatasvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C genotype-1 infection: a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, phase 2a trial.
文献来源:
Lancet Infect Dis. 2012 Jun 15. [Epub ahead of print] 
同期述评:NS5A inhibitors to treat hepatitis C virus infection.
 
       一项由美国、法国联合,14家医疗中心共同参与的,随机双盲、平行分组、安慰剂对照的Ⅱa期临床研究结果发现,daclatasvir(BMS-790052,NS5A抑制剂)在治疗慢性丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染患者方面,可增强聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a(Peg-IFNα-2a)和利巴韦林的治疗作用。该研究6月15日在线发表于《柳叶刀感染性疾病》(Lancet Infect Dis)杂志。并有德国学者为该研究配发的同期述评。

       此项研究纳入48例初治基因1型慢性HCV感染患者(无肝硬化),并将其随机平均分为4组,分别予以Peg-IFNα-2a(180 μg/w)和利巴韦林(1~1.2 g/d),联合安慰剂或3种不同剂量的daclatasvir(3 mg、10 mg、60 mg,qd)治疗48周。结果如表1、2所示。

表1 治疗及随访期间的病毒学应答情况
柳叶刀·感染:慢性丙型肝炎治疗进展-Daclatasvir
表2 治疗不良反应一览
柳叶刀·感染:慢性丙型肝炎治疗进展-Daclatasvir

■ 同期述评观点——研究结果令人振奋

NS5A抑制剂与HCV感染

柳叶刀·感染:慢性丙型肝炎治疗进展-Daclatasvir HCV生命周期
图 HCV生命周期

       对HCV生命周期(图)的探讨,使我们得以研究针对不同病毒复制阶段的直接作用抗病毒药物。很多新型抗病毒药物,如NS3/4A蛋白酶抑制剂、核苷(酸)类似物和非核苷类抑制剂、以及NS5A抑制剂均已进入临床试验阶段。

       对基因1型HCV感染而言,以往标准治疗方案为Peg-IFN α-2a和利巴韦林的联合治疗。第一代蛋白酶抑制剂,如特拉泼维与博赛泼维的联用显著提高了上述联合治疗效果。

       然而,上述三联疗法仍然存在不少问题——Peg-IFN α-2a和利巴韦林的不良反应问题,及其与第一代蛋白酶抑制剂联合应用的安全问题(如包括Peg-IFN α-2a、利巴韦林与特拉泼维、博赛泼维联用可能导致的贫血,以及与特拉泼维联用可能导致的皮疹)——制约着第一代蛋白酶抑制剂的应用。此外,三联疗法治疗流程相对复杂,如须每天3次给药,且每次给药量较大,患者还须严格限制饮食,以上因素制约了第一代蛋白酶抑制剂的应用。

       很多研究者都在尝试寻找一种更新、更好的HCV疗法。

       上述有关Daclatasvir的Ⅱa期临床研究结果令人振奋,证实daclatasvir与Peg-IFN α-2a和利巴韦林联用,可能是以第一代蛋白酶抑制剂为基础的三联新疗法,或可替代原有治疗方法。相关Ⅲ期非劣效性研究正在进行,结果尚未公布。

       Daclatasvir更有价值之处包括其皮摩尔级浓度的抗病毒活性、广泛的基因型覆盖范围、每日仅需要服药1次、无须严格限制饮食以及良好的安全性和耐受性,使得Daclatasvir适用于联合抗病毒药物研究。最近一项研究发现,daclatasvir与asunaprevir(BMS-650032,蛋白酶抑制剂)或GS-7977[核苷(酸)类似物]联合Peg-IFN α-2a和利巴韦林的四联疗法,极大地提高了难治性患者的治疗应答率。

       经既往治疗的无应答患者接受daclatasvir和asunaprevir的联合无干扰素治疗,效果也很好;在无法耐受、或不适宜接受干扰素治疗的基因1b型HCV感染患者中,也得到了阳性结果。

       此外,还有研究发现,daclatasvir和GS-7977,联合利巴韦林与否的无干扰素治疗方案,对基因1~3型HCV感染患者的治疗效果较好。

       期待未来有更多评估联合daclatasvir的无干扰素疗效研究,带领我们向着确切有效的无干扰素HCV治疗目标,一步步地迈进。

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    2013-01-18 howi
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    2012-07-04 bbjsj_1981
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