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JAMA Neurology-系统筛查万名儿童大脑磁共振,有哪些意外发现?

2021-07-25 Freeman MedSci原创

系统筛查万名儿童大脑磁共振,有哪些意外发现?

偶然发现物(Incidental findings,IFs)是在MRI成像过程中发现的以前未知的异常,鉴于成像的原因,这些异常是意料之外的。在临床和研究背景下,偶然发现在脑磁共振成像(MRI)中很常见,最近的一项荟萃分析表明,健康儿童的偶然发现率约为16%。偶然发现的临床意义范围从正常的解剖变异到可能需要紧急医疗或手术干预的发现。

越来越多的高分辨率结构性脑MRI的使用促使人们积极讨论是否应该将IFs筛查作为研究成像的标准,以及如何对参与的个人进行咨询,因为目前对许多IFs的真正流行率和意义还不确定。了解IFs在大型人群非临床样本中的流行率和重要性将有助于构建这一讨论,并为开发和完善有效预测、沟通和管理这些结果的方法提供信息。

青少年大脑认知发展(ABCD)研究是一项正在进行的纵向、多中心、观察性研究,研究对象是美国各地人口统计学上不同的大型儿童群体。该研究在其规模、参与者的多样性和协议的标准化方面是独一无二的,在该领域从未进行过如此规模和范围的观察性研究。

ABCD研究的总体目标是评估遗传和环境因素对大脑和认知快速发展时期的心理和身体健康的贡献。该研究采用了最先进的多模态脑成像技术,包括在入选时和随后的两年间隔内对所有个体进行高分辨率结构性磁共振成像。此外,研究人群中包含了大量的双胞胎样本,使我们能够调查IFs的潜在遗传性。

以前的研究报告了一般人群中脑部核磁共振成像中IFs的流行情况,但大多数都集中在成年人群中。此外,很少有研究是基于高分辨率的3-TMRI,这在研究和临床中都已成为标准,可以增加神经解剖学细节,更好地检测IFs。

藉此,美国UCSF的Yi Li等人,探究了ABCD研究中11 875名9至10岁儿童的基线结构MRI中IFs的流行情况。


这项队列研究是基于2019年4月发布的11 810名9至10岁儿童的基线数据,这些儿童在2016年9月1日至2018年11月15日期间参加了青少年大脑认知发展(ABCD)研究并完成了基线神经成像,这是美国最大的基于人口的大脑发育和儿童健康的纵向观察研究。

参与者在美国各地的21个站点注册,旨在反映美国人口的人口学特征。基线结构磁共振成像由委员会认证的神经放射学家集中审查IF,并对结果进行描述和分类(1类,没有异常发现;2类,不建议转诊;3类;考虑转诊;4类,考虑立即转诊)。

主要临床结局:每个类别中患有IF的儿童的百分比和特定IF的流行率。

共有11 679名儿童(52.1%为男孩,平均[SD]年龄,9.9[0.62]岁)有可解释的基线结构MRI结果。

其中,2464名参与者(21.1%)有IFs,包括2013名儿童(17.2%)被分配到第2类,431名(3.7%)被分配到第3类,以及20名(0.2%)被分配到第4类。

单胎和双胎妊娠之间或单卵双胞胎和双卵双胞胎之间的IFs总比率没有明显差异,但遗传性分析显示IFs的存在或不存在具有遗传性(h2=0.260;95%CI,0.135-0.387)。

这个大规模儿童研究的重要意义在于:发现了脑部MRI的偶然发现物和具有潜在临床意义的发现在普通儿科人群中都很常见。通过评估IFs和同时进行的发育和健康措施,并在纵向研究过程中跟踪这些发现,ABCD研究有可能确定许多常见IFs的意义。

原文出处
Li Y, Thompson WK, Reuter C, et al. Rates of Incidental Findings in Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children. JAMA Neurol. 2021 May 1;78(5):578-587. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.0306. PMID: 33749724; PMCID: PMC7985817.

 
 
 
 

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    2022-04-15 zhouqu_8
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    2021-07-25 weigq

    学习。

    0

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    2021-07-25 ms3000001999514966

    执业理学师

    0

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    2021-07-25 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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将抗癌药物与无机纳米晶体结合,构建多功能杂交纳米结构,已成为癌症治疗和抑制肿瘤的有力工具。然而,如何合成结构紧凑、功能完善、重现性好的多功能纳米结构仍然是一个严峻的挑战。

JAMA Netw Open:列腺癌年龄分层筛查时优先选用病理活检还是磁共振成像?

在病理活检前使用核磁共振成像(MRI)作为一种分诊检查,已被证明具有许多益处,包括使大约三分之一的男性避免了不必要的活检。

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