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N95口罩有望实现重复利用,研究表明紫外线可有效清洁

2022-04-01 生物探索 生物探索

如今,虽然在供应平稳的情况下,各省市出现医疗资源短缺的可能性很小,但我们依然要尽可能节约资源。如果像N95口罩这种个人防护用品能够通过有效消毒,实现重复使用,将会节省很大一部分医疗资源。

为了在2020年医疗资源供应短缺的情况下对抗新冠病毒,美国各地的医疗机构对N95口罩等个人防护用品(Personal Protective Equipment, PPE)进行消毒,比如通过紫外线(Ultraviolet, UV)等方法实现PPE的重复使用,但是这些方法的安全性以及有效性尚存疑问。如今,美国国家标准与技术研究院(The National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST)的研究人员表明,可以在对N95口罩功能没有影响的情况下,对其进行消毒,以实现重复使用。

图片

图1 N95口罩(图源:[1])

近日,在美国国家标准与技术研究院研究杂志上发表的一项题为“Disinfection of Respirators with Ultraviolet Radiation”的最新研究中,研究人员仔细检查了暴露在紫外线之后的N95口罩是否有病毒痕迹,并寻找其纤维形状的变化,评估其过滤气溶胶和其他物质的能力[1]。研究结果表明,紫外线可以有效清洁N95口罩,进而实现重复使用

图片

图2 研究成果(图源:[1])

最初疫情爆发时,由于PPE的需求远超供应,为了缓解资源紧张,医护人员开始探索对口罩和其他PPE进行消毒的方法,其中就包括UV-C(一种常见的紫外线辐射杀菌应用)。UV-C一直用于清除空气、水中的细菌和病毒,但用于消杀N95口罩病毒的效用还有待考量。这项研究就试图了解使用UV-C对N95口罩的消毒效果。

在这项研究中,研究人员首先将N95口罩浸泡在含OC43(一种人类冠状病毒)的溶液中,随后将该口罩固定在UV-Concepts系统内的架子上(其内衬有19个UV-C灯,外壳涂有反射表面),并用紫外线照射3分钟。在紫外线照射结束后,研究人员分析了N95口罩上剩余的活跃OC43病毒数量,发现这种方法对N95口罩的三层都进行了充分消毒,甚至在某些区域能够使病毒颗粒失活高达100%[2]。

图片 图3 对N95口罩进行紫外线消毒的设备(图源:[1])

NIST研究院John Wright表示,“目前尚不清楚用于灭活病毒的UV-C波长是否会产生例如臭氧这样的化学物质,这可能会损坏N95口罩中的塑料,因而有效检查很重要。”研究人员通过大量测试对N95功能进行了检测,以了解紫外线辐射是否使其结构产生了改变。该研究团队使用扫描电子显微镜将口罩的图像放大2000倍以上以观察N95口罩中的纤维变化。在电镜的辅助下,研究人员观测到经过紫外线辐射的N95口罩和未经紫外线辐射的N95口罩,其纤维尺寸以及形状并没有显著差异

为了测试经过紫外线消毒的N95口罩是否依然保持对病毒高度防护作用,研究人员检查了N95的过滤能力和机械性能。为了确定N95口罩过滤能力是否变化,研究人员将携带盐分的气溶胶(模拟呼出的气溶胶大小)对准口罩,计算流过口罩的气溶胶,发现经过辐射消毒的N95口罩过滤能力没有变化;为了确定其机械性能有无变化,研究人员用机械测试仪测试口罩上机械性能,口罩剖面完整性结果显示没有发生视觉退化

未来,UV行业的研究人员可以使用这项研究中的数据作为研究基础,以了解不同水平的UV-C辐射对N95口罩性能和清洁度的影响。研究人员Poster表示,“通过制定N95口罩紫外杀菌标准,实现N95口罩的重复使用,可以帮助我们应对下一次PPE供应链紧张的情况。”

参考资料:

[1]https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/jres/126/jres.126.058.pdf
[2]https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-03-ultraviolet-n95-masks-reuse-hindering.html

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    2023-03-04 kcb069
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    2022-11-28 passed water
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    2022-04-01 1881ea519em

    节约能源

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1887299, encodeId=eb8f188e2992c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dc6712465f4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#N95口罩#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12465, encryptionId=dc6712465f4, topicName=N95口罩)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sat Mar 04 08:54:46 CST 2023, time=2023-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1689244, encodeId=394516892441e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ef2124641b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#N95#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12464, encryptionId=3ef2124641b, topicName=N95)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=845728772410, createdName=passed water, createdTime=Mon Nov 28 10:54:46 CST 2022, time=2022-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1307902, encodeId=f49d130e902ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2be638263f4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#口罩#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38263, encryptionId=2be638263f4, topicName=口罩)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f52347, createdName=soongzhihua, createdTime=Sun Apr 03 01:54:46 CST 2022, time=2022-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207882, encodeId=f264120e88261, content=节约能源, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200921/634e1cd70d56494e8903fbaebe4c0dfd/92b5f0430ba44c0fb746b5151702a4ab.jpg, createdBy=1ca02044079, createdName=1881ea519em, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 16:19:53 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207871, encodeId=7d7a120e871bb, content=好,晒晒太阳就行了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3c2b1620925, createdName=泽9867, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 16:00:57 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207813, encodeId=5ea1120e813bd, content=我们在20年一天一只口罩的时候就是这样搞的。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=969d2873055, createdName=走,走走, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 11:57:58 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207811, encodeId=ead9120e81167, content=N95很难普遍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220401/0fab6e865cb94dc598c1ce2f051a8718/d7561b19f3a14c2999cff07d83bb5f0f.jpg, createdBy=352a6584272, createdName=ms6000001231607773, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 11:50:03 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-04-01 泽9867

    好,晒晒太阳就行了

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1887299, encodeId=eb8f188e2992c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dc6712465f4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#N95口罩#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12465, encryptionId=dc6712465f4, topicName=N95口罩)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sat Mar 04 08:54:46 CST 2023, time=2023-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1689244, encodeId=394516892441e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ef2124641b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#N95#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12464, encryptionId=3ef2124641b, topicName=N95)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=845728772410, createdName=passed water, createdTime=Mon Nov 28 10:54:46 CST 2022, time=2022-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1307902, encodeId=f49d130e902ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2be638263f4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#口罩#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38263, encryptionId=2be638263f4, topicName=口罩)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f52347, createdName=soongzhihua, createdTime=Sun Apr 03 01:54:46 CST 2022, time=2022-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207882, encodeId=f264120e88261, content=节约能源, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200921/634e1cd70d56494e8903fbaebe4c0dfd/92b5f0430ba44c0fb746b5151702a4ab.jpg, createdBy=1ca02044079, createdName=1881ea519em, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 16:19:53 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207871, encodeId=7d7a120e871bb, content=好,晒晒太阳就行了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3c2b1620925, createdName=泽9867, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 16:00:57 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207813, encodeId=5ea1120e813bd, content=我们在20年一天一只口罩的时候就是这样搞的。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=969d2873055, createdName=走,走走, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 11:57:58 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207811, encodeId=ead9120e81167, content=N95很难普遍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220401/0fab6e865cb94dc598c1ce2f051a8718/d7561b19f3a14c2999cff07d83bb5f0f.jpg, createdBy=352a6584272, createdName=ms6000001231607773, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 11:50:03 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-04-01 走,走走

    我们在20年一天一只口罩的时候就是这样搞的。

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1887299, encodeId=eb8f188e2992c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dc6712465f4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#N95口罩#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12465, encryptionId=dc6712465f4, topicName=N95口罩)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sat Mar 04 08:54:46 CST 2023, time=2023-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1689244, encodeId=394516892441e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ef2124641b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#N95#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12464, encryptionId=3ef2124641b, topicName=N95)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=845728772410, createdName=passed water, createdTime=Mon Nov 28 10:54:46 CST 2022, time=2022-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1307902, encodeId=f49d130e902ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2be638263f4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#口罩#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38263, encryptionId=2be638263f4, topicName=口罩)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f52347, createdName=soongzhihua, createdTime=Sun Apr 03 01:54:46 CST 2022, time=2022-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207882, encodeId=f264120e88261, content=节约能源, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200921/634e1cd70d56494e8903fbaebe4c0dfd/92b5f0430ba44c0fb746b5151702a4ab.jpg, createdBy=1ca02044079, createdName=1881ea519em, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 16:19:53 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207871, encodeId=7d7a120e871bb, content=好,晒晒太阳就行了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3c2b1620925, createdName=泽9867, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 16:00:57 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207813, encodeId=5ea1120e813bd, content=我们在20年一天一只口罩的时候就是这样搞的。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=969d2873055, createdName=走,走走, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 11:57:58 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1207811, encodeId=ead9120e81167, content=N95很难普遍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220401/0fab6e865cb94dc598c1ce2f051a8718/d7561b19f3a14c2999cff07d83bb5f0f.jpg, createdBy=352a6584272, createdName=ms6000001231607773, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 11:50:03 CST 2022, time=2022-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-04-01 ms6000001231607773

    N95很难普遍

    0

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