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Nat Genetics:胚胎发育期的遗传组成或引发成年后肿瘤的发生

2012-06-18 T.Shen 生物谷

近日,刊登在国际著名杂志Nature Genetics上的一项研究表明,胚胎期机体的遗传组成(基因组成)或许会引发成年后肿瘤的出现。一个细胞可以分裂为两个具有相同特征、相同遗传物质的细胞之后;基因中的遗传突变会在胚胎发育的过程中发生,而且在细胞分裂的过程中,这种突变会被传递到子代细胞中,结果一个个体中细胞会发生不同的遗传突变,这种现象被成为镶嵌现象,与很多癌症直接相关,但是目前科学界对于这种遗传突

近日,刊登在国际著名杂志Nature Genetics上的一项研究表明,胚胎期机体的遗传组成(基因组成)或许会引发成年后肿瘤的出现。一个细胞可以分裂为两个具有相同特征、相同遗传物质的细胞之后;基因中的遗传突变会在胚胎发育的过程中发生,而且在细胞分裂的过程中,这种突变会被传递到子代细胞中,结果一个个体中细胞会发生不同的遗传突变,这种现象被成为镶嵌现象,与很多癌症直接相关,但是目前科学界对于这种遗传突变的信息知之甚少。

研究者对于67个皮肤具有先天性损伤可以发展至肿瘤的病人(NS)进行了详尽的遗传学研究,同时研究者研究了席梅耳潘宁格综合征(SS),这些病人中大脑和眼睛都受到了严重影响。研究者在这些病人损害部位的活组织检测中首次发现了RAS家族基因的突变(在NS中为97%;SS中为100%),RAS家族蛋白在细胞分裂调节中扮演着主要角色。通过分析无损害组织研究者发现这些组织的基因序列均正常。后期研究中,凡事基因家族发生镶嵌现象的病人都会发展形成肿瘤。

上述的研究结果以及前期的结果揭示出,在胚胎发育阶段,如果机体基因发生突变将会很容易诱发成年后肿瘤的形成。

57,000个人的基因组学分析

一项对于57,000个个体的完整基因组学分析数据揭示,远距离起源的镶嵌现象在肿瘤病人中相比无癌症个体中广泛存在。从基因组学分析可知,相同个体的细胞遗传组成也存在差异可变性,因此某些突变意味着癌症风险的增加,因此特定的病人必须经常去检查看看是否其机体损害仍然在继续进行下去。

编译自:Mosaicism in Cancer: Genetic Makeup of Embryo May Cause Appearance of Tumors in Adult Life

编译者:T.Shen

doi:10.1038/ng.2316
PMC:
PMID:

Postzygotic HRAS and KRAS mutations cause nevus sebaceous and Schimmelpenning syndrome

Leopold Groesser,1 Eva Herschberger,1 Arno Ruetten,2 Claudia Ruivenkamp,3 Enrico Lopriore,4 Markus Zutt,5 Thomas Langmann,6, 7 Sebastian Singer,1 Laura Klingseisen,8 Wulf Schneider-Brachert,8 Agusti Toll,9 Francisco X Real,10, 11 Michael Landthaler1 & Christian Hafner1

Nevus sebaceous is a common congenital cutaneous malformation. Affected individuals may develop benign and malignant secondary tumors in the nevi during life. Schimmelpenning syndrome is characterized by the association of nevus sebaceous with extracutaneous abnormalities. We report that of 65 sebaceous nevi studied, 62 (95%) had mutations in the HRAS gene and 3 (5%) had mutations in the KRAS gene. The HRAS c.37G>C mutation, which results in a p.Gly13Arg substitution, was present in 91% of lesions. Nonlesional tissues from 18 individuals had a wild-type sequence, confirming genetic mosaicism. The HRAS c.37G>C mutation was also found in 8 of 8 associated secondary tumors. Mosaicism for HRAS c.37G>C and KRAS c.35G>A mutations was found in two individuals with Schimmelpenning syndrome. Functional analysis of HRAS c.37G>C mutant cells showed constitutive activation of the MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Our results indicate that nevus sebaceous and Schimmelpenning syndrome are caused by postzygotic HRAS and KRAS mutations. These mutations may predispose individuals to the development of secondary tumors in nevus sebaceous.

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    2012-11-25 liye789132251
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    2012-07-05 cy0324
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    2012-08-11 canlab
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1685862, encodeId=01d4168586270, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=66f3e93862' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Genet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7938, encryptionId=66f3e93862, topicName=Genet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3e128296421, createdName=江川靖瑶, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:59:00 CST 2013, time=2013-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1879283, encodeId=f12118e9283b5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Nov 25 10:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2048444, encodeId=e2a62048444b4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4363e929ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7929, encryptionId=4363e929ad, topicName=Gene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=63a4277, createdName=cy0324, createdTime=Thu Jul 05 12:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1733601, encodeId=53bf1e33601de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d4f412668a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12668, encryptionId=d4f412668a4, topicName=NET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7ea033781210, createdName=canlab, createdTime=Sat Aug 11 00:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1877928, encodeId=aee318e792829, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d80e943ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Genetics#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7943, encryptionId=5d80e943ef, topicName=Genetics)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ca89104, createdName=huperzia, createdTime=Fri Feb 08 23:59:00 CST 2013, time=2013-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1315216, encodeId=1d881315216d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6fcc83e0554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胚胎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83705, encryptionId=6fcc83e0554, topicName=胚胎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6393434, createdName=ailian1202, createdTime=Wed Jun 20 09:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346978, encodeId=f7fe13469e8f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Wed Jun 20 09:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2013-02-08 huperzia
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1685862, encodeId=01d4168586270, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=66f3e93862' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Genet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7938, encryptionId=66f3e93862, topicName=Genet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3e128296421, createdName=江川靖瑶, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:59:00 CST 2013, time=2013-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1879283, encodeId=f12118e9283b5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Nov 25 10:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2048444, encodeId=e2a62048444b4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4363e929ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7929, encryptionId=4363e929ad, topicName=Gene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=63a4277, createdName=cy0324, createdTime=Thu Jul 05 12:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1733601, encodeId=53bf1e33601de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d4f412668a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12668, encryptionId=d4f412668a4, topicName=NET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7ea033781210, createdName=canlab, createdTime=Sat Aug 11 00:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1877928, encodeId=aee318e792829, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d80e943ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Genetics#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7943, encryptionId=5d80e943ef, topicName=Genetics)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ca89104, createdName=huperzia, createdTime=Fri Feb 08 23:59:00 CST 2013, time=2013-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1315216, encodeId=1d881315216d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6fcc83e0554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胚胎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83705, encryptionId=6fcc83e0554, topicName=胚胎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6393434, createdName=ailian1202, createdTime=Wed Jun 20 09:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346978, encodeId=f7fe13469e8f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Wed Jun 20 09:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-06-20 ailian1202
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1685862, encodeId=01d4168586270, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=66f3e93862' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Genet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7938, encryptionId=66f3e93862, topicName=Genet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3e128296421, createdName=江川靖瑶, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:59:00 CST 2013, time=2013-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1879283, encodeId=f12118e9283b5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Nov 25 10:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2048444, encodeId=e2a62048444b4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4363e929ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7929, encryptionId=4363e929ad, topicName=Gene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=63a4277, createdName=cy0324, createdTime=Thu Jul 05 12:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1733601, encodeId=53bf1e33601de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d4f412668a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12668, encryptionId=d4f412668a4, topicName=NET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7ea033781210, createdName=canlab, createdTime=Sat Aug 11 00:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1877928, encodeId=aee318e792829, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d80e943ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Genetics#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7943, encryptionId=5d80e943ef, topicName=Genetics)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ca89104, createdName=huperzia, createdTime=Fri Feb 08 23:59:00 CST 2013, time=2013-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1315216, encodeId=1d881315216d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6fcc83e0554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胚胎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83705, encryptionId=6fcc83e0554, topicName=胚胎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6393434, createdName=ailian1202, createdTime=Wed Jun 20 09:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346978, encodeId=f7fe13469e8f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Wed Jun 20 09:59:00 CST 2012, time=2012-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-06-20 neurowu

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