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DeepMind再发重磅论文:让计算机像婴儿一样思考

2022-07-13 生物世界 生物世界

年幼的婴儿也懂得“直观物理”——即世界运作的常识性规则。只有5个月大的婴儿在看到了不符合物理规律的场景也会感到惊讶,比如玩具突然不见了。

2021年7月,谷歌旗下公司 DeepMind 连发两篇论文,使用其开发的AI工具  AlphaFold 成功预测蛋白质结构,这些研究成果轰动世界,颠覆了当前的蛋白结构研究格局。

DeepMind 的研究方向当然不止的蛋白结构预测,他们还发表了一系列 AI 在电子游戏和棋类比赛中的应用,AI 控制核聚变,以及 AI 设计经济政策的研究论文。

2022年7月11日,DeepMind 公司的研究人员在 Nature 子刊 Nature Human Behaviour 上发表了题为:Intuitive physics learning in a deep-learning model inspired by developmental psychology的研究论文。

该研究指出,人工智能系统能以类似婴儿的方式学习物理世界的基本常识性规则。

 

图片

即使年幼的婴儿也懂得“直观物理”——即世界运作的常识性规则。只有5个月大的婴儿在看到了不符合物理规律的场景也会感到惊讶,比如玩具突然不见了。

然而,让机器学习算法来学习直观物理被证明很难,尽管这些系统已经在许多其他任务上表现出超越人类的能力,如学习识别不同的物体。

在这项研究中,研究团队描述了一个能学习直观物理的深度学习系统,并将其命名为PLATO。PLATO包含的系统受到了婴儿如何学习的研究的启发。尤其值得一提的是,PLATO遵循认为物体在我们周围物理世界的表示和预测中扮演核心作用的理论。

论文作者通过给PLATO观看许多描绘简单场景的视频来训练它,比如球落到地上,球滚到其他物体后面又再次出现,很多球之间弹来弹去。训练之后,研究人员给PLATO观看了有时包含不可能场景的视频,以此作为测试。

和年幼的小孩一样,PLATO在看到没有意义的场景时表现出了“惊讶”,比如物体互相穿过却没有发生相互作用。PLATO只观看了28小时的视频就获得了以上学习效果。 

图片

作者最后表示,PLATO可以作为研究人类如何学习直观物理的一个有力工具,同时也表明了物体表征对于我们理解周围世界具有重要作用。

论文链接:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-022-01394-8

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    2022-12-22 bioon14
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    2022-12-10 lifestar 来自上海
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    2022-11-17 doctorzheng
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    2022-07-15 xiaogang319
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    2022-07-15 xxxx1054

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