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心脏超声正常值记不住?6张表让你牢牢记住!

2022-04-09 dajiong MedSci原创

心脏超声,相当于医生的“透视眼”,能动态的显示心脏内结构、心脏的搏动和血液流动的检查,不需要开胸,就可以看到心脏的大小、内部结构和运动情况等。

心脏超声,相当于医生的“透视眼”,能动态的显示心脏内结构、心脏的搏动和血液流动的检查,不需要开胸,就可以看到心脏的大小、内部结构和运动情况等。

而心脏超声是心内科较常用的一项辅助检查手段,主要用于各种先心病、心脏瓣膜病的诊断,心功能评估以及各种心肌病,心包疾病的诊断等。心脏超声报告看起来很复杂,但是掌握了这几个核心的指标,就可化繁为简。本文整理并汇总了心脏超声各项指标的正常值,希望临床医生能更加轻松的理解超声报告。

首先,我们要熟悉关键的指标,主要包括心脏四个腔室的大小、容积及室壁厚度,主动脉和肺动脉内径、二尖瓣、主动脉瓣及肺动脉瓣的流速,左室射血分数LVEF等等各项指标。

图片来源:医阶

1、腔室大小

心腔的大小,通常以心腔内径作为衡量指标,主要观察的是左右心房及左右心室四个腔。如果超出正常值范围,需要及时查明病因。

2、室壁厚度

室壁的厚度一般主要检测室间隔及左心室后壁厚度。如果测得值提示心肌变厚,则提示左心室可能长期存在较高的压力。当然,也可能是心肌自身原发性增厚,如肥厚型心肌病等。

3、瓣膜大小

瓣膜大小主要检测二尖瓣及主动脉瓣口面积。当瓣口面积小于正常值时,考虑存在狭窄情况,需要结合瓣膜口两侧压差判断。当瓣口面积变大时,往往合并心腔变大

4、右心室承受阻力

右心室承受阻力常常用的指标为肺动脉压力。超过正常即考虑有肺动脉高压,根据其增高程度的不同分为轻度、中度及重度。

5、心脏排血能力

心脏排血能力常检测左心室射血分数(LVEF),主要反映左心室收缩功能。若LVEF数值降低,可考虑存在不同程度的心力衰竭

6、心包积液

超声多以观测到的液体深度(液深)来表示,根据液深可以估算液体的容量。如果报告中出现心包积液,很可能是感染、肿瘤或免疫性疾病等导致,需要找出背后的元凶。​

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1517180, encodeId=4772151e18033, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e9dd5168394' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心脏超声#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51683, encryptionId=e9dd5168394, topicName=心脏超声)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d52011060385, createdName=12498ef1m34(暂无昵称), createdTime=Mon Apr 11 11:51:52 CST 2022, time=2022-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1210246, encodeId=99a2121024643, content=这是什么, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210124/2959859c08784950bc188459d8d7c2c1/3509ed0b3e3e4ca08f78e8a9232d2e4c.jpg, createdBy=24f61480129, createdName=小豁牙, createdTime=Mon Apr 11 10:55:47 CST 2022, time=2022-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1209970, encodeId=a4fc12099e0b6, content=数据很详细 , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210814/61deb584a399410ca9b720adee4e6850/71825fee35134aee90c3ed9dfe89b69f.jpg, createdBy=3cff5430616, createdName=云舒, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 08:06:46 CST 2022, time=2022-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1209958, encodeId=00dd12099587f, content=学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b7a31928393, createdName=学医无涯, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 07:34:33 CST 2022, time=2022-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1209926, encodeId=dc981209926e1, content=收藏,好好学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=023d2546901, createdName=12532b5cm46暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Apr 09 23:39:26 CST 2022, time=2022-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1209896, encodeId=23611209896c2, content=认真学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6EF3hKja8nER8RMzxQdria9eCYFhgLTLsDOeqnvIYdeLDz5eP6EnicLuE5gibiawgno4zUA0jAR7Nbtp2llQ9fs3Mk/0, createdBy=278f1986883, createdName=医鸣惊人, createdTime=Sat Apr 09 21:33:46 CST 2022, time=2022-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-04-11 小豁牙

    这是什么

    0

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    2022-04-10 云舒

    数据很详细

    0

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    2022-04-10 学医无涯

    学习一下

    0

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    2022-04-09 12532b5cm46暂无昵称

    收藏,好好学习

    0

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    2022-04-09 医鸣惊人

    认真学习了

    0

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