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Lancet:盆底肌肉训练预防盆腔器官脱垂的二级预防

2016-12-21 xing.T MedSci原创

盆底肌肉训练导致一个较小程度的,但可能很重要的,脱垂症状减轻。这一发现将对考虑进行预防策略的妇女和照顾者来说很是重要。

盆底肌肉训练可以减少女性就诊时盆腔器官脱垂的严重程度和症状。近日,顶级杂志Lancet上发表了一篇研究文章,旨在评估这种干预是否在脱垂二级预防中有效以及在未来的治疗中需要这种干预。

该研究为多中心、平行组、随机对照试验,在新西兰和英国三个中心进行。来自于分娩后盆底功能的纵向研究中的女性有可能符合研究纳入条件。任何年龄未经治疗的有1-3期脱垂女性被随机分组(1:1),分别接受一对一的盆底肌训练(16周期间进行五次理疗,并且年度审查)加上普拉提的盆底肌训练课程和一个家用DVD(干预组)或脱垂生活方式建议传单(对照组)。随机抽样是减少中心、分娩次数(三次以下或以上分娩)、脱垂分期(处女膜以上或超出处女膜)和分娩方式(经阴道分娩或剖腹产)的误差。参与者和干预物理治疗师未能对分组信息实施盲法,但对数据录入人员和研究数据统计人员进行分组信息实施盲法。该研究主要指标为在2年后自我报告的脱垂症状(盆腔器官脱垂症状评分[POP-SS])。研究人员还进行了意向性治疗分析,这项试验在ClinicalTrials.gov进行了登记,编号为NCT01171846。

在新西兰,2008年12月21日至2010年2月24日期间,以及在英国,2010年10月27日至2011年9月5日期间,研究者随机分配了414名女性进入干预组(n=207)和对照组(n=207)。在随机分组后每一组有一名参与者被排除,留下412名妇女进行分析。在基线时,399名(97%)女性在处女膜水平或以上发生了脱垂。在2年后干预组的平均POP-SS评分为3.2(SD为3.4),而对照组为4.2(SD为4.4)(校正后的平均差为-1.01,95%可信区间为-1.70至-0.33;P=0.004)。对照组的平均症状评分在各个时间点上保持相似,但是在干预组下降。有三个不良事件报告,所有的不良事件均发生在干预组(一名妇女跌倒,一名妇女尾骨疼痛,一名妇女胸痛和呼吸急促)。

该研究结果表明,盆底肌肉训练导致一个较小程度的,但可能很重要的,脱垂症状减轻。这一发现将对考虑进行预防策略的妇女和照顾者来说很是重要。

原始出处:

Suzanne Hagen,et al. Pelvic floor muscle training for secondary prevention of pelvic organ prolapse (PREVPROL): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 20 December 2016.


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