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现代妇产科进展:垂体柄阻断综合征 1 例

2018-03-31 徐宜艳 刘华 周玲玲 现代妇产科进展

患者,女,22 岁,因“月经初潮未至冶于 2015 年 12 月 11日就诊于我院。 患者未婚、未育,12 岁时因身材较同龄儿童矮小,在外院查生长激素缺乏,开始服用生长激素 8 年。

1 病例简介

患者,女,22 岁,因“月经初潮未至冶于 2015 年 12 月 11日就诊于我院。 患者未婚、未育,12 岁时因身材较同龄儿童矮小,在外院查生长激素缺乏,开始服用生长激素 8 年。 

查体:身高 154cm,体重 50kg,双侧乳房 Tanner III 期,外阴发育Tanner P1 期,心肺(-);MRI 示,垂体变薄,紧贴鞍底,垂体柄未见显示,垂体后叶上移;彩超示,双侧附件未见异常,子宫体积略小。 

激素检查;卵泡刺激素 1. 38U/ L,黄体生成素0. 88U/ L,泌乳素 6. 80 伊 103ng / L,雌二醇 27. 6ng / L,睾酮<200ng / L,孕酮<2. 0ng / L(以上均低于同龄女性月经周期参考值)。 

甲状腺功能:FT3 值 3. 02pmol / L,FT4 值 11. 42pmol / L,TSH 值 6. 10mU/ L,尿游离皮质醇 57nmol / L,小于正常值。ACTH、COR 正常,禁水实验未见明显异常。 患者早产、足先露,生后有窒息史。 结合 MRI 和激素检查诊断为垂体柄阻断综合征。 给予戊酸雌二醇 2mg / d,至第 12 日时同时加用黄体酮 200mg / d,至第 21 日停药。 行人工月经周期的同时,给予左甲状腺素钠片 25 ~ 50滋g / d。 3 个人工周期后进行外源性 HMG 治疗,月经来潮的第 2 ~ 7 天开始注射 HMG 75 ~150IU/ d,4 ~ 5 天后根据血激素情况调整 HMG 剂量,月经第22 天孕酮 15. 8ng / ml。

2 讨 论

垂体柄阻断综合征( pituitary stalk interruption syndrome,PSIS)是指下丘脑分泌的激素不能通过垂体柄到达垂体后叶,以及分泌的促垂体激素释放激素部分或完全不能通过垂体门脉系统作用于垂体前叶所引起的一系列临床综合征。其发病率极低,约占活产新生儿的 0. 5 / 1000000,男性多发,多无家族史。目前其发生机制尚不完全清楚,可能与围生期创伤、窒息史有关。 产程延长导致胎儿头颅在产道内挤压时间延长,垂体柄被过度牵拉,导致垂体柄断裂。 出生后窒息,使垂体柄及垂体前叶缺血、缺氧,导致垂体受损。也有报道认为,与遗传因素有关。 患者临床表现为身材矮小,性腺发育不良或不发育,第二性征发育迟缓、缺如,乏力、怕冷等。 MRI 具有很高的软组织分辨率,能清晰显示垂体结构,因此对 PSIS 的诊断具有独特的优势和价值。 MRI 诊断PSIS 的标准是:(1)垂体柄缺如、变细;(2)垂体前叶发育不良,变薄;(3)垂体后叶 T1 高信号异位。 治疗方法,主要采用激素替代疗法,由于体内雌激素低落,直接应用促性腺激素(Gn)促排卵治疗效果欠佳,故建议促排卵前至少应用 3 个周期以上人工周期治疗。 HMG 或 HMG+FSH 是常用的促排卵方案,治疗中补充适量的 LH 可获得好的排卵率和妊娠结局,排卵后黄体支持非常重要

原始出处:

徐宜艳,刘 华,周玲玲. 垂体柄阻断综合征 1 例. 现代妇产科进展 2016 年 09 月第 25 卷第 09 期 Prog Obstet Gynecol,Sep. 2016,Vol. 25, No. 09 718

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    2018-04-08 177200fc66m

    学习了.谢谢啦!

    0

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    2018-04-05 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1710127, encodeId=c02b1e1012799, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7ac59e67604' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阻断#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97676, encryptionId=7ac59e67604, topicName=阻断)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b5ca31824852, createdName=41514497@qq.com, createdTime=Fri Jan 11 01:20:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=303728, encodeId=2660303e28b7, content=学习了.谢谢啦!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=990b2151290, createdName=177200fc66m, createdTime=Sun Apr 08 06:15:27 CST 2018, time=2018-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=303048, encodeId=b9fb3030483b, content=学习了谢谢分享!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Thu Apr 05 18:58:46 CST 2018, time=2018-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302174, encodeId=10fe3021e453, content=学习了.谢谢分享., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Mon Apr 02 23:07:57 CST 2018, time=2018-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1309580, encodeId=0615130958036, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=579644e60d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#妇产科#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44760, encryptionId=579644e60d4, topicName=妇产科)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5c82369, createdName=jiekemin, createdTime=Mon Apr 02 09:20:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1431167, encodeId=60a2143116e44, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Mon Apr 02 09:20:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1458256, encodeId=a47414582568b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=beff41500cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#垂体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41500, encryptionId=beff41500cf, topicName=垂体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1f1a6007916, createdName=chendoc244, createdTime=Mon Apr 02 09:20:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301550, encodeId=f0583015509a, content=学习啦.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/12/31/60fc0213ae09a3dbbba19993663ef4db.jpg, createdBy=33c31971480, createdName=1e160a78m83(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Mar 31 18:36:17 CST 2018, time=2018-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-02 惠映实验室

    学习了.谢谢分享.

    0

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    2018-04-02 jiekemin
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    2018-04-02 chendoc244
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    2018-03-31 1e160a78m83(暂无匿称)

    学习啦.谢谢分享

    0

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