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Thorax:急性哮喘成人或儿童患者肾上腺素与选择性β-2激动剂的疗效比较

2021-10-09 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

现有的低质量证据表明,肾上腺素和选择性β2-激动剂在急性哮喘中具有相似的疗效。需要高质量的双盲RCT来明确在吸入或雾化选择性β2激动剂治疗方案中加入肌注肾上腺素是否能改善结局。

国际哮喘指南建议急性哮喘患者不要使用肾上腺素,除非与过敏反应或血管性水肿相关。然而,在许多院前指南中,除了选择性β2-激动剂雾化外,还建议肌注肾上腺素用于治疗急性重度或危及生命的哮喘。

近日,胸部疾病领域权威杂志Thorax上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员进行了一项系统评价,以明确肾上腺素与选择性β2-激动剂相比在急性哮喘中的疗效。

研究人员纳入了随机对照试验(RCT)的同行评审出版物,这些试验在任何医疗机构中招募了儿童或成人,并将通过任何途径的肾上腺素与通过任何途径的选择性β2-激动剂对急性哮喘恶化进行比较。该研究的主要结果是治疗失败,包括住院、需要插管或死亡。

该分析从1140项研究中纳入了38项研究。总体证据质量低。17项研究为荟萃分析贡献了1299名参与者的数据。它们存在显著的统计学异质性,I2=56%。肾上腺素与选择性β2激动剂治疗失败的合并OR为0.99(0.75至1.32),p=0.95。强有力的证据表明招募年龄组与治疗失败几率的不同估计有关;与招募成年人的研究相比,肾上腺素治疗失败的几率较低。无法确定肾上腺素和选择性β2激动剂是否能改善患者结局。

由此可见,现有的低质量证据表明,肾上腺素和选择性β2-激动剂在急性哮喘中具有相似的疗效。需要高质量的双盲RCT来明确在吸入或雾化选择性β2激动剂治疗方案中加入肌注肾上腺素是否能改善结局。

原始出处:

Christina Baggott,et al.Epinephrine (adrenaline) compared to selective beta-2-agonist in adults or children with acute asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Thorax.2021.https://thorax.bmj.com/content/early/2021/09/29/thoraxjnl-2021-217124

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