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2013 NIH 妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)诊断声明

2013-04-05 MedSci MedSci原创

    3月6日,美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)发布妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)诊断声明,建议诊断GDM仍需分两步走:先做50 g葡萄糖负荷试验进行初步筛查,即口服50 g葡萄糖,1 h后抽血化验血糖,若血糖水平≥7.8 mmol/L为异常,异常者需进一步做75 g或者100 g糖耐量试验(OGTT)进行确诊,测定空腹血糖(FBG)、1 h、2 h和3 h的血糖水平,正常值分

    3月6日,美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)发布妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)诊断声明,建议诊断GDM仍需分两步走:先做50 g葡萄糖负荷试验进行初步筛查,即口服50 g葡萄糖,1 h后抽血化验血糖,若血糖水平≥7.8 mmol/L为异常,异常者需进一步做75 g或者100 g糖耐量试验(OGTT)进行确诊,测定空腹血糖(FBG)、1 h、2 h和3 h的血糖水平,正常值分别为5.6 mmol/L、10.3 mmol/L、8.6 mmol/L、6.7 mmol/L,其中两项或两项以上超出正常值即可诊断为GDM。

    NIH指出,根据两步诊断法,美国约5%的孕妇诊断为GDM,而一步诊断法可将这一比例升高至15%。至于这些被“额外”诊断为GDM的孕妇是否能从中获益,目前尚不清楚。但很清楚的是,医疗费用明显增加,有研究显示全美的相关医疗费用从6.36亿美元增至20亿。此外,诊断为GDM的孕妇会产生焦虑情绪,在接受治疗的过程中低血糖风险增加,剖宫产的几率也增大。目前有充分的证据表明,两步诊断法可改善妊娠结局,而一步诊断法尚无类似的证据。

    一贯支持两步诊断法的美国妇产科医师学院(ACOG)在回应NIH的这一声明时指出,ACOG建议继续遵循两步诊断法,在对诊断标准作出变化前应考虑执行这些检查手段所需的资源。然而,美国糖尿病学会(ADA)的态度却与ACOG相反。ADA发言人认为,一步诊断法的证据来自于HAPO研究,该研究显示,即便孕妇血糖水平仅轻度升高,孕妇和新生儿预后不良的风险显著升高。

指南下载:2013+NIH+妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)诊断声明.pdf

 

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    2015-02-27 xiaoai5777

    好文章,超赞

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    2013-04-07 朱睿睿
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    2013-04-07 宋威

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