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花季少年左膝疼 痛苦难眠为哪般

2018-01-27 牛晓辉 郝林 骨肿瘤

患者,男,17岁,主因左膝疼痛半年,门诊以胫骨近端肿瘤收入院。患者半年前扭伤左膝后感觉疼痛,未诊治,自行好转。5个月前再次出现左膝疼痛,夜间疼痛明显。3个月前疼痛加重,影响睡眠,并且左胫骨上端出现肿物并进行性增大。曾在大同市某医院行肿物抽吸涂片无阳性发现。遂来我院就诊,而收入院。

(1)病例介绍

:患者,男,17岁,主因左膝疼痛半年,门诊以胫骨近端肿瘤收入院。患者半年前扭伤左膝后感觉疼痛,未诊治,自行好转。5个月前再次出现左膝疼痛,夜间疼痛明显。3个月前疼痛加重,影响睡眠,并且左胫骨上端出现肿物并进行性增大。曾在大同市某医院行肿物抽吸涂片无阳性发现。遂来我院就诊,而收入院。

入院查体:一般情况好,左胫骨外侧可见肿物,有压痛,皮温稍高,无皮肤破溃,肿物质硬,无活动度,边界不清,未触及明显软组织包块。左胫骨平台周径30cm,右胫骨平台周径29cm。左膝关节活动度正常。未触及周围淋巴结肿大。

影像学检查:X 线示左胫骨近端干骺端髓腔起病的大量成骨,边界不清,穿破骨皮质,有软组织包块,有骨膜反应(图36‐1)。CT 示胫骨近端有大量的成骨性骨破坏,有软组织肿块(图36‐2)。ECT 示胫骨近端核素浓聚(图36‐3)。


图36‐1 胫骨近端可见成骨性骨破坏


图36‐2 胫骨近端成骨性骨破坏,有软组织肿块形成


图36‐3 骨扫描示:左胫骨近端核素浓聚

AKP:164IU/L,明显增高。其他常规化验检查正常。

穿刺活检考虑恶性肿瘤成软骨区域,首先考虑骨肉瘤成软骨区域(图36‐4)。


图36‐4 病理切片可见粉红色的骨样基质,考虑为骨肉瘤

治疗过程:术前给予4次化疗,化疗药物分别为氨甲蝶呤、异环磷酰胺、多柔比星、顺铂。化疗后疼痛明显减轻,周径缩小2cm(图36‐5)。


图36‐5 化疗后软组织肿块明显减小

手术过程:在全麻下行左胫骨上段瘤段截除,人工关节置换,腓肠肌内侧头转移术。手术采用胫骨上段外侧切口,梭形切除穿刺道,切口长约20cm,向两侧掀起皮瓣,距胫骨结节2cm 处切断髌韧带,显露膝关节腔,切除关节囊及半月板、交叉韧带,切断后关节囊,切开肌,显露出动脉静脉,沿动静脉向下分离血管至分出胫前胫后血管处,保留胫后血管,结扎切断胫前血管,切除部分胫骨前肌。距关节间隙下17cm处切断胫骨,在腓骨头处分离出腓总神经,切断支配胫骨前肌的分支,保留腓骨长短肌,距腓骨头下9cm处切断腓骨,完整地切除肿物。按一定顺序植入人工关节,柄长17cm,髓针长13cm。用mesh 重建髌韧带止点。游离腓肠肌内侧头,覆盖关节处的软组织缺损。清点器械纱布敷料无误后,放置引流两根,逐层关闭伤口。术后标本见图36‐6。


图36‐6 标本可见手术切缘为广泛切除

(2)诊断要点

:在临床方面,骨肉瘤好发于10~30岁的青少年。在发病部位方面,好发于长骨的干骺端、股骨下端、胫骨上端、肱骨近端等部位。临床表现为疼痛、肿块和功能障碍。疼痛病史通常在几个月时间,开始疼痛较轻,以后逐渐加重,夜间疼痛加重,需口服止痛药才能缓解。发病部位会出现软组织肿块,随着疾病的发展,肿块逐渐增大,同时会引起相应关节的功能障碍。

在实验室方面,碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶是骨肉瘤的标志性酶,与骨肉瘤患者的预后和复发等有关。当临床上碱性磷酸酶特别的高,达1000 单位时,应警惕此患者为多中心的骨肉瘤。

在影像学方面,X 线表现为在长骨的干骺端,约10%的患者发病于骨干,大部分患者表现为混合性骨破坏,少部分患者表现为单纯的成骨性或溶骨性骨破坏。病变的基质不均匀,边界不清楚,骨皮质被破坏,穿透软组织内,形成软组织包块。可有骨膜反应,呈“Codman 三角”或日光放射症。CT 可清楚地观察骨破坏情况,增强CT 可了解肿瘤的血液供应情况和与主要大血管的关系。MRI 是最好的了解肿瘤在骨内和软组织侵犯范围的检查手段。CT 和MRI 为制定手术方案提供指导。ECT 可发现骨转移灶或多发病灶。胸部CT 可发现肺部转移灶。

在组织学方面,骨肉瘤的特征为恶性肿瘤细胞直接成骨或形成类骨质。骨肉瘤往往含有多形性的基质成分,含有明显异形性的瘤细胞,瘤细胞大小不一。细胞高度多形性、梭形和多角形的肿瘤细胞,并产生不同形式的类骨组织,核分裂象常见,偶尔可见恶性巨细胞。形成的骨基质可以是很细小的。基质中有时有大块的类骨组织。

(3)专家分析

:根据临床、影像、病理三结合的原则进行诊断。发生在骨干的骨肉瘤应与尤文肉瘤相鉴别,尤文肉瘤患者的发病年龄较骨肉瘤更小,好发于骨干部,在组织学上由形态一致的小圆细胞组成,但瘤细胞没有直接生成骨质或类骨质的能力,免疫组化检查CD99 阳性有助于鉴别。也要与慢性化脓性骨髓炎鉴别,当慢性化脓性骨髓炎表现为广泛地成骨时,要除外骨肉瘤的可能,骨髓炎急性期进展迅速,慢性期发展缓慢,骨破坏和骨形成并存。若见死骨形成时,则骨髓炎诊断成立。

(4)治疗

:骨肉瘤的治疗是以新辅助化疗和手术治疗为主的综合治疗。我院的化疗方案是以氨甲蝶呤、多柔比星、异环磷酰胺和顺铂为主的单药序贯化疗。化疗周期为12~18次。

手术治疗包括截肢和保肢手术。保肢手术可分为三个步骤,本例患者为胫骨近端的骨肉瘤,首先应彻底地切除肿瘤,切缘应达到广泛的切除。切除的范围应包括肿瘤周围一部分正常的软组织,切除半月板、交叉韧带和关节囊。胫骨上端特殊的是距肿瘤一定距离切断髌韧带,根据肿瘤的范围,切断不同长度的胫腓骨,并根据腓总神经与肿瘤的关系,决定是否保留腓总神经。第二步为骨缺损的重建,重建的方法之一为人工关节置换。本例患者采用定制的肿瘤型人工关节置换。第三步为软组织缺损的重建,胫骨上端处软组织覆盖少,无肌肉覆盖,容易出现人工关节感染等并发症,临床上常用腓肠肌内侧头肌瓣或肌皮瓣移位,来覆盖软组织缺损和修复关节囊,该肌皮瓣或肌瓣的血管蒂为腓肠内侧动、静脉。

伸膝装置的重建:有许多方法,过去我科常采取腓肠肌内侧头移位后,髌韧带与腓肠肌内侧头等软组织缝合,用石膏伸直位固定6~8周。患者术后伸直时,常常不能完全伸直,差15°~20°左右。目前我们在此基础上,进行了改进。在重建时,首先在定制假体上固定mesh,然后在适当的张力下,把髌韧带固定于mesh 上,术后伸直位石膏固定6~8周,让髌韧带等软组织与mesh 牢固结合。(图36‐7,图36‐8)。这种重建方法十分可靠,术后膝关节可以充分伸直,屈曲达90°~100°。

(5)经验与教训

:胫骨上端由于软组织较少,肿瘤易于早期发现,因此胫骨上端骨肉瘤的存活率较股骨骨肉瘤患者的高。胫骨上端有肌覆盖,它可以起到一个屏障作用,防止肿瘤向后侵犯血管和胫腓血管,因此大部分胫骨上端骨肉瘤患者可以保肢。


图36‐7 肱骨近端骨肉瘤病人,术中用mesh 重建肩关节囊


图36‐8 与图36‐7 同一病人,术后6个月因异体骨反应,取出异体骨,标本可见mesh 与异体骨紧密地长在一起

胫骨上端骨肉瘤切除后软组织的重建和伸膝装置重建是一个很重要的问题。用腓肠肌内侧头移位来修复软组织缺损,可以覆盖假体,减少继发感染,同时它也可以重建伸膝装置。目前我科采用用mesh 把髌韧带固定于假体上,从而改善患者的伸膝功能。

胫骨上段切除重建后,在功能锻炼时,应避免膝关节出现屈曲畸形,避免术后立即活动,患肢用石膏固定6~8周,直到患者能够抗重力伸直膝关节后,再开始练习主动屈曲膝关节。

(6)随访结果

:术后伤口一期愈合出院。嘱患者术后加强功能锻炼,术后每3个月复查1次,继续化疗,不适随诊。患者目前已随访2年,肿瘤无复发,膝关节功能良好。屈膝达100°,伸膝为0°。术后X 线片(图36‐9)。


图36‐9 术后X 线片表现

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    2018-01-31 1e0bcdddm14(暂无匿称)

    学习了.蟹蟹

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045666, encodeId=e5322045666de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a7286922da' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#花季少年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86922, encryptionId=6a7286922da, topicName=花季少年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7db99, createdName=chg121, createdTime=Tue Nov 06 15:46:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283795, encodeId=b5b5283e95cb, content=学习了.蟹蟹, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f441926499, createdName=1e0bcdddm14(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Jan 31 09:04:56 CST 2018, time=2018-01-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283019, encodeId=aea628301962, content=真的是学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:54 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283018, encodeId=5f4b283018c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:26 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282495, encodeId=9dd62824951b, content=受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b4b12216028, createdName=120e71dcm28暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:50:50 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282489, encodeId=6886282489cf, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:29:55 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282484, encodeId=b7b3282484c6, content=谢谢分享.学习受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:26:59 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-28 平淡与执着

    真的是学习了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045666, encodeId=e5322045666de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a7286922da' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#花季少年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86922, encryptionId=6a7286922da, topicName=花季少年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7db99, createdName=chg121, createdTime=Tue Nov 06 15:46:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283795, encodeId=b5b5283e95cb, content=学习了.蟹蟹, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f441926499, createdName=1e0bcdddm14(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Jan 31 09:04:56 CST 2018, time=2018-01-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283019, encodeId=aea628301962, content=真的是学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:54 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283018, encodeId=5f4b283018c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:26 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282495, encodeId=9dd62824951b, content=受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b4b12216028, createdName=120e71dcm28暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:50:50 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282489, encodeId=6886282489cf, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:29:55 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282484, encodeId=b7b3282484c6, content=谢谢分享.学习受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:26:59 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-28 平淡与执着

    学习

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045666, encodeId=e5322045666de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a7286922da' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#花季少年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86922, encryptionId=6a7286922da, topicName=花季少年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7db99, createdName=chg121, createdTime=Tue Nov 06 15:46:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283795, encodeId=b5b5283e95cb, content=学习了.蟹蟹, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f441926499, createdName=1e0bcdddm14(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Jan 31 09:04:56 CST 2018, time=2018-01-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283019, encodeId=aea628301962, content=真的是学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:54 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283018, encodeId=5f4b283018c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:26 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282495, encodeId=9dd62824951b, content=受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b4b12216028, createdName=120e71dcm28暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:50:50 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282489, encodeId=6886282489cf, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:29:55 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282484, encodeId=b7b3282484c6, content=谢谢分享.学习受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:26:59 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-27 120e71dcm28暂无昵称

    受益匪浅

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045666, encodeId=e5322045666de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a7286922da' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#花季少年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86922, encryptionId=6a7286922da, topicName=花季少年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7db99, createdName=chg121, createdTime=Tue Nov 06 15:46:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283795, encodeId=b5b5283e95cb, content=学习了.蟹蟹, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f441926499, createdName=1e0bcdddm14(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Jan 31 09:04:56 CST 2018, time=2018-01-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283019, encodeId=aea628301962, content=真的是学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:54 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283018, encodeId=5f4b283018c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:26 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282495, encodeId=9dd62824951b, content=受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b4b12216028, createdName=120e71dcm28暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:50:50 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282489, encodeId=6886282489cf, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:29:55 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282484, encodeId=b7b3282484c6, content=谢谢分享.学习受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:26:59 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-27 明月清辉

    谢谢分享.学习了

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045666, encodeId=e5322045666de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a7286922da' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#花季少年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86922, encryptionId=6a7286922da, topicName=花季少年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7db99, createdName=chg121, createdTime=Tue Nov 06 15:46:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283795, encodeId=b5b5283e95cb, content=学习了.蟹蟹, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f441926499, createdName=1e0bcdddm14(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Jan 31 09:04:56 CST 2018, time=2018-01-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283019, encodeId=aea628301962, content=真的是学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:54 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283018, encodeId=5f4b283018c7, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/25/f5baa4687f35b6c9a8f4cc16c5e93113.jpg, createdBy=89972227828, createdName=平淡与执着, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:22:26 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282495, encodeId=9dd62824951b, content=受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b4b12216028, createdName=120e71dcm28暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:50:50 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282489, encodeId=6886282489cf, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:29:55 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=282484, encodeId=b7b3282484c6, content=谢谢分享.学习受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Jan 27 09:26:59 CST 2018, time=2018-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-27 清风拂面

    谢谢分享.学习受益匪浅

    0

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在一项骨性关节炎的最新研究中,科学人员访问了3500名参与者,结果显示,膝盖如果发出摩擦声,嘎吱声或撕裂等声响的人们,是骨性关节炎的高风险人群。

科学家发现人体新组织:膝盖里有条韧带

在经过多年的医学研究之后,我相信医生们已经对我们身体中任何一小块部分都了如指掌。令人难以置信的是,ScienceDaily报道发现了人类身体上的一个新的组织,叫做前外侧韧带,这条韧带一直藏在我们的膝盖里。 Science Daily上说:“Anatomical Society称赞这项研究十分振奋人心,并且表扬研究者保持对医学研究的热忱,随着科学的发展,我们的技术越来越先进,但是对人体

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