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INT J NANOMED:新化合物靶向线粒体杀灭癌细胞!

2017-06-27 佚名 Medicalxpress

自噬是一种天然的细胞机制,通过去除或回收损伤细胞成分,在细胞内稳态中起重要作用。 Mitophagy是线粒体特异的自噬。线粒体是负责细胞器功能的细胞器,包括细胞能量的产生和细胞死亡的发生。去除受损的线粒体可防止健康细胞的退化,最近的研究发现,它是一种潜在的有效治疗癌症方法,因为癌组织中的线粒体活化会诱导癌细胞死亡。

自噬是一种天然的细胞机制,通过去除或回收损伤细胞成分,在细胞内稳态中起重要作用。 Mitophagy是线粒体特异的自噬。线粒体是负责细胞器功能的细胞器,包括细胞能量的产生和细胞死亡的发生。去除受损的线粒体可防止健康细胞的退化,最近的研究发现,它是一种潜在的有效治疗癌症方法,因为癌组织中的线粒体活化会诱导癌细胞死亡。

在以前在日本熊本大学的研究中,研究人员开发出叶酸结合的甲基-β-环糊精(FA-M-β-CyD),其通过靶向叶酸受体-α(FR-α)表达(+)肿瘤细胞未知的自噬机制。研究人员推测,FA-M-β-CyD可抑制线粒体活性,并开始在HeLa衍生的宫颈癌细胞系(KB细胞)上测试化合物。

研究人员首先通过比较其对三种其他化合物的作用以及对体外FR-α(+)KB细胞球体的对照来评估FA-M-β-CyD。他们发现,由于FR-α介导的细胞毒性,FA-M-β-CyD比其他化合物显着地降低了癌细胞活力。

接下来,研究人员确定FA-M-β-CyD定位于FR-α(+)KB细胞线粒体,并且与其他所测试的化合物相比,其显着增加了线粒体跨膜电位。线粒体的跨膜电位控制细胞的能量(ATP)产生,并且进一步发现FR-α(+)KB细胞中ATP产生显着降低。然而,当用FA-M-β-CyD处理FR-α( - )A549癌细胞时,ATP生成不受影响。

熊本大学的研究人员然后着重于FA-M-β-CyD对KB细胞ROS产生的影响,因为活性氧(ROS)通常由线粒体产生。他们发现FR-α(+)KB细胞中ROS的产生显着增加,但在FR-α( - )KB细胞中不受影响。此外,通过在FR-α(+)KB细胞中生产ROS,FA-M-β-CyD也似乎引起自噬空泡的产生。

使用人类异种移植模型的KB细胞(FR-α(+))中FA-M-β-CyD的抗肿瘤作用的体内实验显示出希望。不仅单一剂量的化合物显着抑制肿瘤生长,而且通过体重和血液测试显示,似乎也没有任何显着的主要副作用。然而,需要进一步测试较高剂量来确认化合物的安全性,但研究人员对此谨慎乐观。

抗肿瘤药物克服的一个问题是肿瘤异常血管分布和血液灌注,这阻碍了药物进入细胞的能力,“项目负责人之一Arima教授说。 “然而,最近的研究发现,大约12纳米的纳米粒子很容易进入肿瘤细胞,在约10nm处测量FA-M-β-CyD,这有助于其抗癌能力。该化合物应该靶向FR-α(+)癌细胞,如在卵巢,肾脏,乳腺,子宫内膜,膀胱,肺和胰腺中发现的癌细胞,但是研究人员承认,在确定化合物的安全性之前,需要进一步的检测。然而,希望将其发展成为有效的抗癌药物。

原始出处:

Kazuhisa Kameyama et al, Induction of mitophagy-mediated antitumor activity with folate-appended methyl-β-cyclodextrin, International Journal of Nanomedicine 

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    2017-07-02 日月生辉

    好方法,学习了

    0

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    2017-06-29 yxch36
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    2017-06-28 ylzr123

    好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!

    0

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    2017-06-28 hfuym10906

    学习了。。。。。

    0

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    2017-06-28 忠诚向上

    好好的学习一下

    0

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