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Nat Cell Biol:一种新型的组合拳疗法有望治疗胰腺癌

2019-12-05 佚名 细胞

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Nature Cell Biology上的研究报告中,来自Sanford Burnham Prebys医学发现研究所的科学家们通过研究鉴别出了一种由两种抗癌化合物组成的药物组合,其或能有效促进小鼠机体中的胰腺肿瘤萎缩,这或许有望支持这种药物在临床实验中进行直接评估,此前FDA批准这种化合物组合用以治疗某些白血病和实体瘤,包括黑色素瘤等。

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Nature Cell Biology上的研究报告中,来自Sanford Burnham Prebys医学发现研究所的科学家们通过研究鉴别出了一种由两种抗癌化合物组成的药物组合,其或能有效促进小鼠机体中的胰腺肿瘤萎缩,这或许有望支持这种药物在临床实验中进行直接评估,此前FDA批准这种化合物组合用以治疗某些白血病和实体瘤,包括黑色素瘤等。

研究者Ze'ev Ronai博士表示,如今胰腺癌的治疗非常滞后,因为缺乏有效的疗法来攻击这种肿瘤组织;这项研究中,我们鉴别出了一种潜在的疗法组合,其或能用来帮助抵御恶性的胰腺癌;目前研究人员正在与俄勒冈健康与科学大学的肿瘤学家们讨论如何将这种新方法用于临床评估之中。

胰腺癌是一种致死性的癌症,其通常难以诊断,因为直到患者疾病进入到晚期才会出现疾病症状,比如腹部疼痛、皮肤和眼睛发黄、体重减轻等。仅有不到10%的胰腺癌患者能存活超过5年时间,据美国癌症协会数据显示,2019年将会有超过5.6万美国人接受胰腺癌的诊断

这项研究中,研究人员利用一种名为L-门冬酰胺酶(L-Asparaginase)的药物让胰腺肿瘤缺乏关键的营养物质(天冬酰胺)而饿死,天冬酰胺是一种蛋白质合成所需的氨基酸;研究者发现,胰腺癌并不会死亡,其会开启一种压力反应通路,来促进癌细胞自身产生天冬酰胺,随后他们利用第二种药物来治疗胰腺癌小鼠,这种药物能阻断癌细胞的压力反应通路并促使胰腺肿瘤发生萎缩。目前FDA批准L-门冬酰胺酶用来治疗特定的白血病,而第二种药物名为MEK抑制剂,其被批准用来治疗诸如黑色素瘤等皮肤癌。

医学博士Eytan Ruppin指出,本文研究为阐明天冬酰胺抑制剂和MAPK信号抑制剂联合作用来攻击胰腺肿瘤、抑制其生长奠定了基础;后期我们将会通过对患者的数据进行深入的计算分析来进一步支持相关的研究发现。很显然,研究人员目前并不能找到治疗癌症(尤其是胰腺癌)的单一灵丹妙药,而是需要找到针对癌症多个弱点的几种药物,本文研究发现为治疗胰腺癌提供了一种新型策略;研究者希望后期能够很快在胰腺癌患者机体中进行药物疗效的测试。

此外,研究者还发现,两种治疗手段都能使得小鼠机体中的黑色素瘤缩小,由于目前胰腺癌的临床治疗需求巨大,因此后期科学家们还需要投入更大经历来开发治疗胰腺癌的有效疗法。

原始出处:
Pathria, G., Lee, J.S., Hasnis, E. et al. Translational reprogramming marks adaptation to asparagine restriction in cancer. Nat Cell Biol (2019) doi:10.1038/s41556-019-0415-1

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    2020-10-31 hxj0128
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    2020-06-29 sunylz
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    2020-06-15 liye789132251
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    2020-08-10 维他命
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