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Comp Human Behav:心理所研究发现延迟满足而非冒险与青少年网游成瘾有关

2017-11-09 佚名 心理研究所

近五年来,网络游戏产业迅速发展,市场规模持续上升,网络游戏玩家数量急剧增长。第 38 次《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示,中国的网络游戏玩家用户数量高达 3.9 亿,中国已超越美国成为全球最大的游戏市场。然而,过度进行网络游戏可能会引发网络游戏障碍(Internet Gaming Disorder)。《精神疾病诊断与统计手册 - 第五版》将网络游戏障碍纳入其“需要进一步研究的状况”部分。手册将

近五年来,网络游戏产业迅速发展,市场规模持续上升,网络游戏玩家数量急剧增长。第 38 次《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示,中国的网络游戏玩家用户数量高达 3.9 亿,中国已超越美国成为全球最大的游戏市场。然而,过度进行网络游戏可能会引发网络游戏障碍(Internet Gaming Disorder)。《精神疾病诊断与统计手册 - 第五版》将网络游戏障碍纳入其“需要进一步研究的状况”部分。手册将网络游戏障碍定义为:反复持久地进行网上游戏,导致显着的临床损伤。已有充足证据表明,网络游戏障碍伴随着诸多临床症状,如失眠、抑郁、社交焦虑、甚至自杀行为。

青春期是脑、行为发育和成熟的关键时期,也是大多数成瘾者成瘾行为的开始时期。青少年群体是网络游戏障碍高发人群。流行病学调查显示,网络游戏障碍在青少年中的发病率显着高于成人,青少年网络游戏障碍的发病率高达 8%。探究青少年网络游戏障碍的认知特征,可为网络游戏障碍的早期识别和干预提供指标,具有重要的临床意义及理论意义。

高冲动、高冒险倾向是大多数成瘾者的核心认知与人格特质。然而,尚无研究考察青少年网络游戏障碍患者是否表现出高冲动和高冒险性的特质。中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室研究员刘勋、副研究员李琦,使用经典的延迟折扣任务(Delay discounting task)、概率折扣任务(Probability discounting task)、巴瑞特冲动量表(Barratt impulsiveness scale-11),分别对网络游戏障碍青少年与非成瘾的青少年的冲动决策、风险决策、冲动人格进行对比测量。

研究结果显示,在延迟折扣任务中,患有网络游戏障碍的青少年与非成瘾青少年相比,对未来奖赏和损失均有更大的折扣程度,体现出他们对未来得失的不敏感性。同时,患有网络游戏障碍的青少年在巴瑞特冲动量表及其三个子维度上(注意、动作、无计划性)都有更大的得分,体现出高冲动人格特质。但在概率折扣任务中,无论对于风险奖赏还是风险损失,两组被试没有表现出折扣程度上的差异,说明网络游戏障碍青少年的风险决策倾向与非成瘾者相同。

该研究结果表明,冲动决策、冲动人格可能是网络游戏障碍青少年的核心认知和人格特征,为网络游戏障碍提供潜在的行为学标记。未来研究可进一步考察冲动性与网络游戏障碍的因果关系;可使用工作记忆训练等干预手段降低网络游戏障碍青少年的冲动决策,帮助他们在面临“玩”与“不玩”的抉择时,做出更多“不玩”的选择。

研究工作得到国家自然科学基金、国家社会科学基金以及国家留学基金管理委员会的支持。相关研究成果在线发表 Computers in Human Behavior 上。

原始出处:

Moqian Tian,Ran Taod, Ya Zheng,et al. Internet gaming disorder in adolescents is linked to delay discounting but not probability discounting. Computers in Human Behavior, Volume 80, March 2018, Pages 59–66.

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    2018-04-27 tamgche
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    2017-11-11 qjddjq
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    2017-11-10 sunfeifeiyang

    延迟满足与网瘾

    0

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