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Characterisation of vaping liquids used in vaping devices across four countries: results from an analysis of selected vaping liquids reported by users in the 2016 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey

Fix, BV; OConnor, RJ; Goniewicz, ML; Leigh, NL; Cummings, M; Hitchman, SC; Fong, GT; El Nahas, G; Hammond, D; McNeill, A; Borland, R; King, B; Palumbo, MN

Fix, BV (通讯作者),Roswell Pk Comprehens Canc Ctr, Hlth Behav, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA.

TOBACCO CONTROL, 2023; 32 (1): 51

Abstract

Objectives This study presents an analysis of vaping products (VPs) purchased in the USA, Canada, England and Australia and assesses whether differenc......

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