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Front Immunol :重症COVID-19患者静注大剂量免疫球蛋白可降低死亡率。

2021-09-07 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

人免疫球蛋白是一种被动的免疫疗法,它的免疫球蛋白内含有大量的抗体,输给受体,使之从低到或者是无免疫状态,很快达到一个暂时免疫保护的作用。

人免疫球蛋白是一种被动的免疫疗法,它的免疫球蛋白内含有大量的抗体,输给受体,使患者从免疫力降低或者免疫缺陷的状态,很快达到一个暂时免疫保护的作用。因为抗体与抗原反应之后,可以直接综合毒素,杀死细菌或者病毒。因此免疫球蛋白对于预防细菌还有病毒性感染,有一定的作用。临床常用的注射用人免疫球蛋白是由健康人血浆,经分离纯化,去除抗补体活性并经病毒灭活处理、冻干制成,适用于多种危重症患者的治疗。

背景:目前仍不清楚2019冠状病毒(COVID-19)的有效治疗。我们报告了在COVID-19重症病例中成功使用高剂量静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIg),但仍缺乏更大规模病例的证据。

方法:在采用多中心回顾性研究评估标准护理的基础上,发病两周内给予总剂量为2 g/kg体重的IVIg的有效性。主要终点是28天死亡率。采用Cox比例风险回归模型和逆概率加权(IPTW)分析调整Kaplan-Meier曲线,以及经多重填补(MI)分析后的IPTW评估高剂量IVIg的疗效。

结果:总共有26例患者接受高剂量IVIg标准治疗,89例患者仅接受标准治疗。与对照组相比,IVIg组28天死亡率较低,炎症标志物(包括IL-6、IL-10和铁蛋白)回归正常的时间更短。IPTW模型大剂量IVIg组校正后28天死亡率为0.24 (95% CI 0.06-0.99, p<0.001),IPTW- MI模型校正后28天死亡率为0.27 (95% CI 0.10-0.57, p=0.031)。在亚组分析中,无并发症或在发病第一周接受治疗的患者从高剂量IVIg中获益更多。

图1 2019冠状病毒(COVID-19)重症住院患者接受大剂量静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIg)治疗和标准护理时细胞因子和炎症标志物的动态变化

表1 人口结构调整:控制年龄和性别作为协变量;完全调整:年龄、性别、并发症、发病天数、基线7个量表类别,

使用阿比朵尔、LPV/r、IFN、RBV、OSV、抗生素、抗真菌药物、中药、糖皮质激素、低分子肝素为协变量。

表2 静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIg)治疗对逆概率加权(IPTW)调整后28天死亡率影响的亚组和多变量分析。

人口结构调整:控制年龄和性别作为协变量;完全调整:对照年龄、性别、共病、发病天数、基线7个量表类别,

使用阿比朵尔、LPV/r、IFN、RBV、OSV、抗生素、抗真菌药物、中药、糖皮质激素、低分子肝素为协变量。

表3 2019冠状病毒(COVID-19)重症住院患者接受大剂量静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIg)治疗和/或标准护理的总生存期Kaplan-Meier曲线

结论:重症COVID-19患者在发病14天内给予大剂量IVIg与28天死亡率降低关,在无合并症或早期治疗的患者中更明显。

原文出处:

 Cao W,  Liu X,  Hong K,  Ma Z,et al,High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in China.Front Immunol 2021;12 

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    2021-11-24 dangious
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    2022-07-28 xzw113
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