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PNAS:这种新药可有效阻断肝癌进展!

2018-08-08 Michael,Zoe 转化医学网

来自新加坡国立大学癌症研究所(CSI)的科学家们研究开发了一种名为FFW的新型多肽药物,这种小分子多肽可阻止肝细胞癌(HCC)或原发性肝癌的发展。 这一具有里程碑意义的发现为更有效地治疗肝癌打开了大门。该研究的最新进展发表于最新的《PNAS》杂志。

导  读

来自新加坡国立大学癌症研究所(CSI)的科学家们研究开发了一种名为FFW的新型多肽药物,这种小分子多肽可阻止肝细胞癌(HCC)或原发性肝癌的发展。 这一具有里程碑意义的发现为更有效地治疗肝癌打开了大门。该研究的最新进展发表于最新的《PNAS》杂志。

肝细胞癌与SALL4

肝细胞癌(HCC)是一种快速增长的肝癌类型,患者通常在确诊后的平均存活时间仅仅只有11个月。 HCC占所有肝癌类型的90%以上,并且在亚太地区该疾病已经构成严重的公共卫生问题。

 HCC的主要一线治疗方法是Sorafenib,但该药物存在不良副作用,仅可延长患者3个多月的存活时间。由于缺乏有效的治疗方案,加上发现时间较晚导致HCC成为导致全球癌症死亡人数第二多的肿瘤类型。

SALL4是一种与肿瘤生长相关的蛋白质,它已被作为HCC和其他癌症如肺癌白血病的预后标志物和药物靶标而进行了广泛且深入的研究。

这种蛋白通常存在于生长中的胎儿中,但在成人组织中无活性。在某些类型的癌症中,例如HCC,SALL4被重新激活,导致肿瘤的生长。但在此之前,SALL4被归类为不可逆转的蛋白。
 
具有强大抗肿瘤特性的新型肽

像SALL4-NuRD一类的抗蛋白质药物通常要求靶蛋白在其3-D结构中具有“口袋”结构,进而保证药物分子可以靶向结合并发挥其阻断租用作用。 

Daniel Tenen教授表示,在他们早期的研究中,发现SALL4蛋白与另一种蛋白质NuRD构成了对HCC等癌症的进展有重要的意义。

而他们研究团队设计的SALL4阻断剂并不需要靶蛋白具备'口袋'结构便可阻断SALL4和NuRD之间的相互作用。他们的研究发现,阻断这种相互作用可导致肿瘤细胞死亡并减少肿瘤细胞的运动。

该研究小组还发现,当与Sorafenib联合使用时,这种新型多肽药物-FFW可以减少Sorafenib耐药性HCC的生长。

虽然大多数靶向治疗都是小分子药物,但设计巧妙的肽类药物(如FFW)往往比大分子表面具有更高的选择性,与小分子相比也更安全。
 
癌症治疗的新方法

将靶向阻断SALL4-NuRD的相互作用作为癌细胞特异性靶标成为目前该领域的研究重点。哈佛医学院的Li Chai教授表示:理想的癌症靶点应该是肿瘤特异性,而对正常组织无毒。

为此,我们正在合作寻找一种可以治愈癌症并恢复正常细胞功能的药物。 研究团队结合结构分析技术,在对SALL4-NuRD等蛋白质相互作用加以深入的研究之后设计了多肽药物-FFW。

该药物是由可以干扰SALL4-NuRD相互作用的小链氨基酸构成,可有效阻断较大分子质量蛋白质-蛋白质的相互作用,并且不需要“口袋”结构就能生效。
 
研究团队还展示了一种有效的治疗策略,可以准确地靶向以前被认为是不可遏制的癌基因的表达。这一令人兴奋的发现对HCC的治疗具有重要意义。同时,该研究也可对多种SALL4升高的实体性癌症和白血病有益。

原始出处:Bee Hui Liua, Chacko Jobichen. Targeting cancer addiction for SALL4 by shifting its transcriptome with a pharmacologic peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Jul 24;

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    2019-03-12 drwjr
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    2018-08-09 15938038573红旗飘飘

    已学习

    0

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    2018-08-08 cscdliu

    学习了,谢谢

    0

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    2018-08-08 kafei

    了解一下谢谢

    0

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    2018-08-08 183****7028

    学习

    0

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