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Lancet:心脏手术围术期心肌损伤的节律变化及其预防

2017-10-27 zhangfan MedSci原创

研究发现,主动脉瓣置换术的围手术期心肌损伤存在昼夜节律差异,下午手术患者发生严重围手术期心肌损伤的风险低于上午手术

心脏手术后可预见的围手术期心肌缺血-再灌注损伤与临床预后差有关。近日研究人员考察了主动脉瓣置换术围术期心肌损伤与手术时间的关系及其机制。

本次前瞻性单中心队列研究在法国开展,严重主动脉瓣狭窄且左室射血分数> 50%的患者参与。患者采用倾向评分匹配成对,考察早上手术或下午手术对围术期心肌损伤的影响。研究的主要终点是主动脉瓣置换手术时机(早上vs下午)对不良心血管事件(心血管死亡、急性心力衰竭、心肌梗死和住院)的影响。

总计596名患者参与队列研究,其中早上手术组298人,下午手术组298人,主动脉瓣置换术后随访500天。研究发现,下午手术组心血管不良事件的发生率低于早上手术组(HR 0.50, 95%,CI,0.32-0.77)。随机研究中,88名患者参与,其中上午手术组44人,下午手术组44人,围手术期心肌损伤评估与心肌肌钙蛋白T释放几何均值,下午组显著低于上午组(OR,0.79,95% CI 0.68-0.93)。人心肌的体外分析显示心肌缺氧复氧耐受存在固有上午-下午节律变化,节律变化引起基因表达转录的改变,而清晨核受体Rev-Erbα的再激活程度最高;缺氧/复氧心肌损伤小鼠Langendorff模型中,Rev-Erbα基因敲除或抑制剂治疗可以减少上午术后的心肌损伤。

研究发现,主动脉瓣置换术的围手术期心肌损伤存在昼夜节律差异,下午手术患者发生严重围手术期心肌损伤的风险低于上午手术。

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目前,经皮二代自膨式主动脉瓣置换术的临床预后尚缺乏大型临床研究的数据。近日,在国际心血管权威杂志JACC上发表了一篇旨在记录和评估在严重的主动脉瓣狭窄患者中应用二代自膨式心脏瓣膜(THV)行经皮主动脉瓣置换术(TAVR)的预后疗效的临床研究。本研究是多中心回顾性研究,自2016年1月至2016年12月共纳入1038例应用THV行TAVR的主动脉瓣狭窄患者,平均年龄是81.8 ± 6.2岁,女性占6

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