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BMJ:病例挑战——胸痛和T波倒置一定是心肌缺血吗?

2016-04-30 sunshine 译 MedSci原创

BMJ:病例挑战——胸痛和T波倒置一定是心肌缺血吗?男性患者,55岁,长途飞行后感到胸部和腹部不适。患者胸部不适的症状与其稳定型心绞痛的表现相似。入院时患者的心率为90次/分,血压为95/52 mm Hg。心电图显示,下侧壁导联T波倒置,提示心肌缺血,尽管患者血清肌钙蛋白和D-二聚体检测结果均为阴性。动脉血气、PH和乳酸的水平正常。患者仰卧位腹部平片显示了什么?哪些迹象可以做出此诊断?答案:X线片

男性患者,55岁,长途飞行后感到胸部和腹部不适。患者胸部不适的症状与其稳定型心绞痛的表现相似。

入院时患者的心率为90次/分,血压为95/52 mmHg。心电图显示,下侧壁导联T波倒置,提示心肌缺血,尽管患者血清肌钙蛋白和D-二聚体检测结果均为阴性。动脉血气、PH和乳酸的水平正常。

患者仰卧位腹部平片显示了什么?哪些迹象可以做出此诊断?



答案:X线片显示患者肠腔内存在多个圆形和椭圆形的影像。因为在站立的腹部X线片上看不到自由状态下的空气,因此并不能诊断为肠穿孔。患者承认飞往英国之前吞下了80 包可卡因。至少有一袋可卡因与外包装之间存在一个新月形的空气环(“双套”征)。



讨论:像可卡因这样的毒品可装入各种材料的包装中,有时包装的并不好,存在毒品包装散开或泄露的风险。在某些情况下,会使用保鲜膜类型的材料来包装毒品。毒品与包装袋之间的空气(“双套”征)可用于指导诊断。

一些研究表明,CT可灵敏的检测这种包装,特别是在患者出现并发症之前,或者是用于那些即使是平片并未检测出的可疑人员。此外,CT可以根据不同药物X线的透射不同来区分药物。

任何的药物泄露都会导致缺血性心脏病的发生,本病例中患者存在胸痛的症状,且心电图显示下侧壁导联T波倒置。站立腹部胸片未发现自由状态下的空气则不应做出肠穿孔的诊断。药物尿检呈阴性,血清肌钙蛋白和D-二聚体检测仅为阴性。患者不适感以及被逮捕加重了其心绞痛发作,而并不是可卡因相关的直接作用。由于毒品包装的破裂,患者彻底意识到了死亡的危险,但是患者拒绝接受手术,36小时之内患者排除了所有的毒品包,再次拍片确定患者体内已无毒品包。

原始出处:

Mathew Tate, Simon Dubrey. What is the diagnosis? BMJ 2016; 353

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    2016-07-17 gaoxiaoe
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847974, encodeId=073b184e9741e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Sun Jul 17 19:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1658539, encodeId=8db91658539eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=65d918001b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#T波倒置#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18001, encryptionId=65d918001b9, topicName=T波倒置)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=428524872795, createdName=venlin, createdTime=Mon Aug 08 04:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85074, encodeId=0ac0850e4c1, content=值得阅读!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaEIsrUxHnicsiaqwzJibCks60HOicbEAgbNzUiciboMJDzsWg16OHTeNHhyYvTg6TDXTlOx7icnhttCYYe2ujYt0yND7dYusOsibl9XnQCE/0, createdBy=7ad21722200, createdName=jaysppr, createdTime=Mon May 09 16:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85075, encodeId=4d96850e55f, content=约会看心电图很重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=167, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaEIsrUxHnicsiaqwzJibCks60HOicbEAgbNzUiciboMJDzsWg16OHTeNHhyYvTg6TDXTlOx7icnhttCYYe2ujYt0yND7dYusOsibl9XnQCE/0, createdBy=7ad21722200, createdName=jaysppr, createdTime=Mon May 09 16:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=84229, encodeId=14658422970, content=很有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9ebb1716792, createdName=黑心天使, createdTime=Wed May 04 19:32:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847974, encodeId=073b184e9741e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Sun Jul 17 19:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1658539, encodeId=8db91658539eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=65d918001b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#T波倒置#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18001, encryptionId=65d918001b9, topicName=T波倒置)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=428524872795, createdName=venlin, createdTime=Mon Aug 08 04:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85074, encodeId=0ac0850e4c1, content=值得阅读!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaEIsrUxHnicsiaqwzJibCks60HOicbEAgbNzUiciboMJDzsWg16OHTeNHhyYvTg6TDXTlOx7icnhttCYYe2ujYt0yND7dYusOsibl9XnQCE/0, createdBy=7ad21722200, createdName=jaysppr, createdTime=Mon May 09 16:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85075, encodeId=4d96850e55f, content=约会看心电图很重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=167, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaEIsrUxHnicsiaqwzJibCks60HOicbEAgbNzUiciboMJDzsWg16OHTeNHhyYvTg6TDXTlOx7icnhttCYYe2ujYt0yND7dYusOsibl9XnQCE/0, createdBy=7ad21722200, createdName=jaysppr, createdTime=Mon May 09 16:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=84229, encodeId=14658422970, content=很有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9ebb1716792, createdName=黑心天使, createdTime=Wed May 04 19:32:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-09 jaysppr

    值得阅读!

    0

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    2016-05-09 jaysppr

    约会看心电图很重要

    0

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    2016-05-04 黑心天使

    很有意思

    0

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在上个世纪,心脏病专家和生理学家认为,急性心肌梗死是一个关于机体 “管道装置”出错导致氧气供需存在错配致使心肌细胞死亡的问题。有大量的研究一直在探测心肌细胞新陈代谢和对心肌缺血的干预措施,旨在通过恢复冠脉灌注或者减少氧耗来限制心肌的缺血性损伤。最近,关于心肌缺血性损伤也可以引起炎症反应的报道越来越多,炎症反应可以影响局部缺血的结局,进一步影响进行性梗死心肌的治疗。的确,几十年来临床医生已经注意到在

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