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喝酒脸红的人,需要慎用3类药 !

2016-12-21 佚名 药评中心 公众号

喝酒脸红的罪魁祸首,不是乙醇,而是乙醛。在体内,酒精首先经催化变成乙醛,然后在乙醛脱氢酶2的作用下进一步分解。如果这种酶的活性出了问题,乙醛无法被及时代谢,大量滞留在体内,可能舒张面部血管,引起脸红,严重时可能对心、脑、肝、肾等器官造成伤害。喝酒容易脸红的人在服药时应谨慎,尤其要慎用以下三类药: 1、硝酸甘油:紧急用药,可能无效众所周知,心绞痛发作如不及时治疗,可能引起急性心肌梗死,甚至因严重心律

喝酒脸红的罪魁祸首,不是乙醇,而是乙醛。在体内,酒精首先经催化变成乙醛,然后在乙醛脱氢酶2的作用下进一步分解。如果这种酶的活性出了问题,乙醛无法被及时代谢,大量滞留在体内,可能舒张面部血管,引起脸红,严重时可能对心、脑、肝、肾等器官造成伤害。喝酒容易脸红的人在服药时应谨慎,尤其要慎用以下三类药:

1、硝酸甘油:紧急用药,可能无效


众所周知,心绞痛发作如不及时治疗,可能引起急性心肌梗死,甚至因严重心律失常导致猝死。硝酸甘油是治疗心绞痛的“救命药”,然而在中国汉族人群中无效的比例却高达25%,其中很多是喝酒容易脸红的人。

乙醛脱氢酶2能特异性代谢硝酸甘油,产生一氧化氮,实现血管扩张,缓解心绞痛。饮酒脸红者的乙醛脱氢酶2活性大多不高,服用硝酸甘油的效果可能不好,甚至无效。建议这些患者在医生的指导下谨慎用硝酸甘油,必要时应备用或改服其他药,如硝酸酯类、β受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂或速效救心丸、麝香保心丸等中药制剂,防止因用药不合理而贻误治疗时机,带来生命危险。

2、抗生素:起剧烈头痛,心跳加快


除了平时用硝酸甘油要注意,饮酒后的一段时间内,要谨慎使用抗生素。多种抗生素可与乙醛脱氢酶2结合,抑制酶的活性,使乙醛不能被及时代谢,在体内堆积,出现双硫仑反应。

其临床表现为面部发热、面色猩红、头颈部血管剧烈搏动或搏动性头痛,严重者可出现呼吸困难、恶心、呕吐、出汗、口干、胸痛、心跳加快、血压下降、烦躁不安,甚至引起休克。可引起双硫仑反应的药物有:大多数头孢菌素、甲硝唑、替硝唑、塞克硝唑、酮康唑、氟康唑、伊曲康唑、氯霉素等。喝酒容易脸红者,对此反应尤其敏感,一般人饮酒后3天内不宜服抗生素,喝酒脸红的人的这一时间建议为5~7天,甚至更长。

3、利尿剂:引起低血压

乙醇及其代谢产物乙醛均有扩张血管作用,可增强血管扩张剂的疗效。尤其应用噻嗪类等利尿降压药时,如果饮酒,可加重体位性低血压。喝酒脸红者代谢乙醛的能力差,更容易发生危险,因此服用这类药物时应避免饮酒。

饮酒脸红还与环境、饮食、个体的疾病状态等因素有关,一定要在医师/药师的指导下用药。有些药物说明书上注明服药期间要禁酒,服用这些药时,无论是否容易脸红,都不应该饮酒。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=165114, encodeId=0179165114ad, content=棒棒哒???????????, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:51:21 CST 2016, time=2016-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1519805, encodeId=448715198056e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=506b401e129' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喝酒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40171, encryptionId=506b401e129, topicName=喝酒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc8811296196, createdName=ymljack, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 08:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=164761, encodeId=0be1164e61ea, content=有用。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzR8ylhYfiaoAUx2BsaYHVia1IKhG3Cg8CT84rBrn6iaVRkyAibJxBcLEXabOQ5p19vWgDe34ib5ErxNgx/0, createdBy=8a701629084, createdName=jihuaijun1112, createdTime=Thu Dec 22 02:02:49 CST 2016, time=2016-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=164706, encodeId=ce5a164e06fa, content=从不脸红, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Wed Dec 21 20:33:56 CST 2016, time=2016-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-23 1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称)

    棒棒哒???????????

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=165114, encodeId=0179165114ad, content=棒棒哒???????????, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:51:21 CST 2016, time=2016-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1519805, encodeId=448715198056e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=506b401e129' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喝酒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40171, encryptionId=506b401e129, topicName=喝酒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc8811296196, createdName=ymljack, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 08:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=164761, encodeId=0be1164e61ea, content=有用。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzR8ylhYfiaoAUx2BsaYHVia1IKhG3Cg8CT84rBrn6iaVRkyAibJxBcLEXabOQ5p19vWgDe34ib5ErxNgx/0, createdBy=8a701629084, createdName=jihuaijun1112, createdTime=Thu Dec 22 02:02:49 CST 2016, time=2016-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=164706, encodeId=ce5a164e06fa, content=从不脸红, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Wed Dec 21 20:33:56 CST 2016, time=2016-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-23 ymljack
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=165114, encodeId=0179165114ad, content=棒棒哒???????????, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:51:21 CST 2016, time=2016-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1519805, encodeId=448715198056e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=506b401e129' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喝酒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40171, encryptionId=506b401e129, topicName=喝酒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc8811296196, createdName=ymljack, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 08:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=164761, encodeId=0be1164e61ea, content=有用。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzR8ylhYfiaoAUx2BsaYHVia1IKhG3Cg8CT84rBrn6iaVRkyAibJxBcLEXabOQ5p19vWgDe34ib5ErxNgx/0, createdBy=8a701629084, createdName=jihuaijun1112, createdTime=Thu Dec 22 02:02:49 CST 2016, time=2016-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=164706, encodeId=ce5a164e06fa, content=从不脸红, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Wed Dec 21 20:33:56 CST 2016, time=2016-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-22 jihuaijun1112

    有用。。。。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=165114, encodeId=0179165114ad, content=棒棒哒???????????, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:51:21 CST 2016, time=2016-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1519805, encodeId=448715198056e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=506b401e129' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喝酒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40171, encryptionId=506b401e129, topicName=喝酒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc8811296196, createdName=ymljack, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 08:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=164761, encodeId=0be1164e61ea, content=有用。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzR8ylhYfiaoAUx2BsaYHVia1IKhG3Cg8CT84rBrn6iaVRkyAibJxBcLEXabOQ5p19vWgDe34ib5ErxNgx/0, createdBy=8a701629084, createdName=jihuaijun1112, createdTime=Thu Dec 22 02:02:49 CST 2016, time=2016-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=164706, encodeId=ce5a164e06fa, content=从不脸红, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Wed Dec 21 20:33:56 CST 2016, time=2016-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-21 xiaotaiyang1

    从不脸红

    0

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