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AJG:烟酒及并发精神症状促违禁药物滥用

2013-07-18 wangrui cmt

《美国精神病学杂志》(The American Journal of Psychiatry)7月网络版刊登的一篇研究对美国一般家庭中成年人违禁药物使用情况进行了研究,评估3年内参与者使用违禁药物情况的转变,包括不用药、无症状滥用或有症状滥用。研究认为各种用药状况的转变十分普遍,并发现酒精、烟草使用及并发的精神症状与这种转变间存在着重要联系,研究者建议

《美国精神病学杂志》(The American Journal of Psychiatry)7月网络版刊登的一篇研究对美国一般家庭中成年人违禁药物使用情况进行了研究,评估3年内参与者使用违禁药物情况的转变,包括不用药、无症状滥用或有症状滥用。研究认为各种用药状况的转变十分普遍,并发现酒精、烟草使用及并发的精神症状与这种转变间存在着重要联系,研究者建议为预防不良转变并促进积极转变,在病患评估中对全部并发精神障碍及物质使用问题给予足够重视是有意义的。

研究资料来自于有关酒精及相关疾病全国代表性流行病学调查,此调查共有34653名成年人参与,历时3年,每年约谈参与者2次。本研究根据互斥的基线用药情况将参与者分为3类:在过去一年内未用药者(32675人),无症状滥用者(861人)及有症状滥用者(1117人)。有症状滥用或为控制问题而滥用药物者出现的单一的或多样的症状,通过DSM-IV药物滥用与依赖标准进行判定。研究者评估了社会统计学、健康、物质使用及精神症状等协变量与受试者3年内不同的药物使用状态的转变间的关系。

在研究开始时不用药的参与者,在随访中发现,其中95.4%仍保持不用药的状态,2.1%转变为无症状滥用者,2.5%发展为有症状滥用者。在研究开始时的无症状滥用者,在随后的随访中,其中的66.6%终止了用药,14.3%继续无症状滥用,19.1%发展为有症状滥用者。有接近一半(49%)的有症状滥用者在随访中终止了药物滥用,10.9%转变为无症状滥用,40.1%仍为有症状滥用者。较年轻、男性、白种人及未婚的参与者更易由不用药发展为用药甚至有症状滥用,酒精和烟草的使用及精神障碍,如重度抑郁、分裂症、边缘性及自恋人格障碍同样与用药状况的恶化有关。惊恐障碍及回避型人格障碍与用药状况恶化关系较小。


Transitions in Illicit Drug Use Status Over 3 Years: A Prospective Analysis of a General Population Sample  

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    2013-08-24 minzju5052
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    2013-07-29 丁鹏鹏
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    2014-01-07 zchen
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