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Brain:这组血浆标志物或许能预测未来脑萎缩和痴呆

2021-06-07 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

血浆Aβ42/40和P-tau217可作为未来阿尔茨海默病病理学的预后标记物,以用于临床实践、研究和药物开发。

随着医学的进展,人们越来越认识到,阿尔茨海默病(AD)的病理生理学是一个高度复杂和动态的过程,始于淀粉样β蛋白(Aβ)的早期积累,随后是tau沉积和神经退化。这些病理变化可以通过脑脊液分析、正电子发射断层扫描(PET)和磁共振成像(MRI)检测到。

然而,这些技术要么就是侵入性的,要么就是费用昂贵或十分耗时,从而限制了它们在临床实践中的使用或它们在相同个体中的可用性。因此,迫切需要基于血液的生物标志物来克服这些限制,以期广泛用于检测AD病理学变化。

与此相一致,血浆生物标志物最近已成为评估AD过程中发生的病理变化的非侵入性、经济有效和可获得的工具。例如,血浆Aβ42/40水平反映了Aβ沉积,并已被证明与认知正常和认知受损个体中的脑淀粉样变性相关。而血浆磷酸化tau-181(P-tau 181)和217 (P-tau217)可能反映了脑中Aβ和tau沉积。最后,血浆神经丝轻链(NfL)水平被认为反映了轴突损伤和神经变性,不仅在AD中增加,而且在其他神经退行性疾病中也增加,并与结构性MRI上的脑萎缩测量值相关。

虽然这些研究使用横断面研究设计显示了血浆生物标志物与某些与AD相关的病理过程之间的联系,但目前尚不清楚基线血浆生物标志物水平是否可用于预测同一个体的纵向Aβ积聚、tau沉积、脑萎缩以及认知能力下降。

为了通过评估血浆生物标志物是否可以预测非痴呆个体中Aβ负荷、tau积累、脑萎缩和认知的变化,以早期对AD进行预防诊断及药物开发,来自瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院神经生物学的专家开展了相关的研究,结果发表在《大脑》Brain杂志上。

研究人员对来自瑞典biofender-2研究中159名非痴呆个体、123名AD痴呆患者和35名非AD痴呆患者中检测了血浆Aβ42/40、P-tau181、P-tau217和 NfL水平,随后进行PET检查以观察Aβ、Tau的变化。

血浆P-tau217水平独立预测非痴呆个体的纵向tau积累

血浆Aβ42/40水平独立预测非痴呆个体的纵向Aβ-PET沉积。

单变量线性混合效应模型显示,血浆生物标志物与影像学和认知测量之间显著的关联。然而,当所有生物标志物都包括在相同的多元线性混合效应模型中时,研究人员发现纵向Aβ-PET的增加是由基线血浆Aβ42/40独立预测的(p = 0.012),而PET信号的增加、脑萎缩和认知能力减退是由高水平血浆P-tau217独立预测的(p < 0.004)。

血浆P-tau217和NfL水平独立预测非痴呆个体的纵向脑萎缩变化。

血浆P-tau217水平独立预测非痴呆个体的认知下降。

更让人欣喜的是,这些生物标志物的表现与脑脊液中测量的相应生物标志物相当乃至更好。然而,血浆Aβ42/40和P-tau217并不能预测非AD神经退行性疾病患者的纵向变化。

综上,该研究表明血浆Aβ42/40和P-tau217可作为未来阿尔茨海默病病理学的预后标记物,以用于临床实践、研究和药物开发。

 

参考文献:

Plasma markers predict changes in amyloid, tau, atrophy and cognition in non-demented subjects, Brain, 2021;, awab163, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awab163

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    2021-08-27 chendoc252
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    2021-06-07 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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    2021-06-07 易水河

    高度复杂的问题

    0

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随着技术的不断进步和应用的深入,PET/CT有望在未来肺部肿瘤诊疗中发挥更大的作用。

Radiology:FAPI与FDG PET/CT在原发性和转移性肺癌诊断中的比较

放射性核素标记的FAPI是一种有临床前景的PET示踪剂,可用于临床时间,特别是用于检测肿瘤或在氟18 (18F)氟脱氧葡萄糖(FDG) PET成像中不容易识别的良性病变。

European Radiology:PET/CT在非小细胞肺癌预后评估中的临床应用

有研究表明,通过PET/CT图像可以有效地评估原发肿瘤对非辅助治疗的病理反应。然而,PET/CT在新辅助化疗免疫疗法后预测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)ypN2疾病方面的性能尚未见报道。

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