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无导线起搏器获FDA批准,它有哪些优势?

2016-06-11 陈瑞锋 医学界心血管频道

起搏器是目前为止治疗心动过缓患者的最为有效的方法,全球每年大约有100万的患者植入了心脏起搏器,因为诊断和技术等原因的限制,实际需要植入起搏器的人群可能远远超过这个数字,以往的心脏起搏器植入是通过上腔静脉将起搏器电极送入心室心房,将连接电极的起搏器埋于皮下从而实现心脏起搏。 近期美国食品和药品监督管理局(FDA)批准了首款无导线起搏器micra;对于将要植入起搏器或者更换起搏器的患者而言,其似乎是

起搏器是目前为止治疗心动过缓患者的最为有效的方法,全球每年大约有100万的患者植入了心脏起搏器,因为诊断和技术等原因的限制,实际需要植入起搏器的人群可能远远超过这个数字,以往的心脏起搏器植入是通过上腔静脉将起搏器电极送入心室心房,将连接电极的起搏器埋于皮下从而实现心脏起搏。

近期美国食品和药品监督管理局(FDA)批准了首款无导线起搏器micra;对于将要植入起搏器或者更换起搏器的患者而言,其似乎是起搏器患者的福音。因为micra不需要导线连接起搏器和制作皮下囊袋,所以大大降低了相关风险和并发症,比较于传统起搏器而言,其有哪些优势呢?

优势一:无囊袋感染

传统起搏器医生最为忧心的是感染,制作皮下囊袋需要切开皮肤,将已经做得很小的起搏器埋于皮下,但切口感染或者迟发性感染的并发症,仍时有发生,这也是传统起搏器术者最为担心的并发症之一。无导线起搏器无需制作皮下囊袋,所以就不要切口,可避免相关并发症。

优势二:穿刺并发症减少

传统起搏器植入过程中,穿刺锁骨下静脉途径植入起搏器电极占大多数,穿刺过程中导致气胸,穿刺到动脉等相关并发症亦较为常见。这里之所以是“减少穿刺并发症”而不是“避免”,是因为有部分术者采取了剥离出头静脉等植入电极方式,可避免此类并发症,但同无导线起搏器相比,因无导线同起搏器相连,可减少避免此类并发症。

优势三:无导线相关并发症

传统起搏器导线通过上腔静脉同起搏器相连,导线本身的相关并发症一直也是传统起搏器容易出现并发症的多发区域。如导线疲劳断裂,导线磨损不绝缘,导线脱落,导线磨损所致皮下疼痛等相关并发症,一旦出现都较难处理,而micra起搏器无导线,所以可避免此类并发症。

优势四:无跨三尖瓣相关并发症

传统起搏器无论是单腔起搏器还是双腔起搏器,都需要跨三尖瓣将电极放置于右室,所以电极的存在势必影响三尖瓣的功能,而此类影响多以三尖瓣关闭不全为主的表现,而micra无导线起搏器因无导线跨三尖瓣,可避免此类并发症。

当然,因为没有了切口和导线,患者创伤较小,可减少并发症的同时也可减少患者住院时间。且因为没有放置导线的相关操作,有报道可能会缩短相关手术时间,降低操作难度,因为笔者没有相关操作经验,故不敢贸然下此结论。当然因为无导线起搏器只能单腔起搏,所以相当一部分有双腔起搏器植入意愿的患者,可能就享受不到无导线起搏器可能带来的益处了。但可以肯定的是,因为其有着传统起搏器所没有的诸多优势,无限起搏器也应该是以后起搏器发展的方向。

但愿不久的将来,无导线起搏器真的可以成为起搏器患者的福音!

注:micra 起搏器在我国尚未上市

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    2017-02-07 bugit
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    2016-09-01 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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    2016-08-27 李东泽

    这篇资讯带给我们新知识,启发新思维,不论是科研还是临床工作都有很大的帮助。。。

    0

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    2016-08-27 李东泽

    这篇资讯带给我们新知识,启发新思维,不论是科研还是临床工作都有很大的帮助。。。

    0

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    2016-06-13 HNYYM
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    2016-06-12 milkshark

    值得学习

    0

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    2016-06-11 hekzn

    学习了长知识

    0

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美国美敦力公司称,该公司开发的一款长约1英寸的植入右心室的无导线起搏器(Micra Transcatheter Pacing System, Medtronic)已经通过美国食品药品监督管理局的批准,用于心律失常的治疗。FDA指出,Micra适用于心房颤动或心搏徐缓-心搏过速综合征等心搏不规律患者。但是对于已有植入设备且会影响起搏器或严重肥胖或者静脉无法容纳7.8 mm导引鞘或植入心脏起搏器的患者

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