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NEJM: 秋水仙碱在慢性冠心病患者中的作用(LoDoCo2研究)

2020-11-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

导语:秋水仙碱在慢性冠心病患者中的作用

梅斯医学导语:

早前的CANTOS研究中,抗炎药卡纳单抗可以相对降低15%的心血管疾病发生风险,但是由于价格昂贵,后来的CIRT研究,该研究未显示甲氨蝶呤具有类似的益处。因此,大家将冠心病作为“炎症性疾病”的一种来看。因此,便认为更便宜的水仙碱,虽然是治疗痛风的药物,从机制上也具有抗炎作用,秋水仙碱还具有多途径的抗炎症及机制,可通过减少E-选择素、L-选择素及内皮素的表达,发挥其抗炎作用。会不会也可以用于冠心病呢?

因此,COLCOT研究被开展,COLCOT是一项大型随机对照研究,2019年在AHA年会上公布结果,在对4745名最近发生心肌梗死的患者的评估中,每天服用0.5mg的低剂量秋水杉碱,与安慰剂相比,首次发生缺血性心血管事件的风险显著降低了23%。研究人员还报告说秋水仙碱可使首次和复发性缺血性心血管事件减少34%。研究人员认为“有充分的证据支持炎症在动脉粥样硬化的发生、发展和导致急性冠状动脉综合征的并发症中具有重要的作用”(详细见:NEJM:低剂量秋水仙碱用于心肌梗死患者缺血性心血管事件的预防)。

这次报道的是LoDoCo2研究结果,实际上在2020年ESC年会上已发布了部分结果,再次证实小剂量秋水仙碱可能具有神奇的作用。

2012年,LoDoCo研究纳入了532例血管造影确诊的稳定性CAD患者,随机分组到低剂量秋水仙碱治疗组或安慰剂组,最短治疗2年。中位随访为3年,安慰剂组的250例患者中40例(16%),以及秋水仙碱组232例患者中15例(5.3%)出现主要终点指标,接受秋水仙碱治疗的患者相对危险度降低67%。

 

尽管人们的生活方式不断改变,危险因素也逐渐减少,但慢性冠心病患者仍处于急性血管事件的高风险中。炎症在冠心病进展中的核心作用是公认的,抗炎治疗能够改善具有心肌梗塞病史和C反应蛋白基线水平升高的患者的结局,这一结果在Canakinumab抗炎血栓形成结果研究(CANTOS)中十分显眼。结果表明,接受卡纳津单抗的患者发生心血管事件的风险低于接受安慰剂的患者。然而,在另一项试验中,人们并未观察到甲氨蝶呤在慢性冠心病患者中的临床获益。秋水仙碱是一种 最初从秋番红花中提取的消炎药。与canakinumab选择性抑制白细胞介素1β相比,秋水仙碱具有广泛的细胞效应,包括抑制微管蛋白聚合和改变白细胞反应性。研究者发起的了一项随机对照和事件驱动的小剂量秋水仙碱(LoDoCo2)双盲试验,以确定与安慰剂相比,每天一次0.5毫克的秋水仙碱是否可预防慢性冠心病。

LoDoCo2研究入选人群为:35~82岁的稳定冠心病患者,不伴有严重肾脏疾病,心力衰竭或严重瓣膜疾病。共纳入了5552慢性冠心病患者,在充分降脂和抗栓治疗基础上,经过30天开放标签的导入期,患者随机分组到小剂量秋水仙碱(0.5 mg QD)与安慰剂组。LoDoCo2研究主要终点是由心血管死亡、心肌梗死、缺血性卒中,缺血驱动的冠脉血运重建组成的复合终点。研究患者基线时二级预防治疗十分规范,抗血小板药物和他汀的使用率均在90%以上。

在此次试验中,共有5522例患者接受了随机分组。秋水仙碱组为2762例,安慰剂组为2760例。中位随访时间为28.6个月。秋水仙碱组的主要终点事件发生在187例患者中(6.8%),而安慰剂组的发生在264例患者中(9.6%)(发生率,每100人/年2.5例vs.3.6例;危险比,0.69; 95 %置信区间[CI],0.57至0.83; P <0.001)。秋水仙碱组中的115例患者(4.2%)和安慰剂组中的157例患者(5.7%)发生了关键的次要终点事件(发生率,每100人/年1.5与2.1事件发生率;危险比,0.72;每100人/年,95%CI,0.57至0.92; P = 0.007)。秋水仙碱的自发性心肌梗塞或缺血性冠状动脉血运重建(复合终点),心血管死亡或自发性心肌梗死(复合性终点),缺血性驱动的冠状动脉血运重建和自发性心肌梗死的发生率也明显低于安慰剂组。秋水仙碱组由非心血管原因引起的死亡发生率高于安慰剂组(发病率,每100人年0.7事件比0.5事件;危险比,1.51; 95%CI,0.99至2.31)。


在此次慢性冠心病患者的随机试验中,每天接受0.5mg秋水仙碱的人比接受安慰剂的人发生心血管事件的风险明显更低。

同时发现,随访5年,低剂量秋水仙碱组没有发生严重不良反应,即使与大剂量的他汀联用,也没有严重不良反应。LoDoCo2研究证实,低剂量秋水仙碱长期耐受性良好,且明显降低主要终点事件。其获益在治疗早期即出现。
LoDoCo2研究结果与CANTOS研究和COLCOT研究结果相似。LoDoCo2研究为抗炎症治疗进一步降低冠心病患者的心血管病事件风险提供了重要的循证证据。但是值得指出的是,该研究中没有炎症标志物的相关数据,如CRP水平变化。因此,低剂量秋水仙碱治疗给患者带来的获益是否与炎症标志物的下降有关还不清楚,有待进一步研究。

原始出处:

Stefan M.Nidorf,M.D.,Aernoud T.L. Fiolet,M.D.N Engl J Med 2020; 383:1838-1847 DOI:10.1056 / NEJMoa2021372 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2021372?query=featured_home

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encodeId=dde989e087d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10d5e476742' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#秋水仙碱#</a>冠心病不难理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=179, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74767, encryptionId=10d5e476742, topicName=秋水仙碱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 13:46:23 CST 2020, time=2020-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035483, encodeId=4fb2103548333, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 13:42:55 CST 2020, time=2020-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=897075, encodeId=987689e075e3, content=秋水仙碱对冠心病的作用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bb45125889, createdName=146465bem06暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 12:44:14 CST 2020, time=2020-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=897074, encodeId=f97989e07462, content=学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=00074131254, createdName=13c30453m58暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 12:13:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=897073, encodeId=b80389e07360, content=低剂量<a href='/topic/show?id=10d5e476742' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#秋水仙碱#</a>会不会象<a href='/topic/show?id=51639e734cb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿司匹林#</a>一样,小剂量后成为神药!目前发现在<a href='/topic/show?id=77c33081e40' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#冠心病#</a>和<a href='/topic/show?id=b086512e33c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心肌梗死#</a>中均有作用,其<a href='/topic/show?id=98c0553894c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗炎#</a>机制很复杂,具有多途径的抗炎症及机制:包括通过干扰细胞溶酶体脱颗粒,降低中性粒细胞的活性、黏附性及趋化性,抑制粒细胞向炎症区域的游走,从而发挥抗炎作用。通过干扰细胞间黏附分子及选择素的表达,从而阻碍T淋巴细胞活化及对内皮细胞的黏附,抑制炎症反应。此外,秋水仙碱还可通过减少E-选择素、L-选择素及内皮素的表达,发挥其抗炎作用。 同时,它与阿司匹林和他汀类并不冲突,作用机制也不一样,因此,能够减少<a href='/topic/show?id=c738104012f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心血管残余风险#</a>,能在阿司匹林和他汀基础上,进一步提升疗效,这是最令人欣慰的!如果再有3-5年的研究,可能会进化为新一代<a href='/topic/show?id=b497e462461' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=264, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, 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    2020-11-18 lovetcm

    #秋水仙碱#治疗#心血管#疾病,是典型的#老药新用#

    0

  2. 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encodeId=dde989e087d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10d5e476742' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#秋水仙碱#</a>冠心病不难理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=179, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74767, encryptionId=10d5e476742, topicName=秋水仙碱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 13:46:23 CST 2020, time=2020-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035483, encodeId=4fb2103548333, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 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    2020-11-06 ms3000001695435295

    一直在说,什么时候登上神坛。

    0

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encodeId=dde989e087d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10d5e476742' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#秋水仙碱#</a>冠心病不难理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=179, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74767, encryptionId=10d5e476742, topicName=秋水仙碱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 13:46:23 CST 2020, time=2020-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035483, encodeId=4fb2103548333, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 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    2020-11-05 神盾医疗局局长Jack

    #秋水仙碱#冠心病不难理解

    0

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    2020-11-05 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

  6. 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encodeId=dde989e087d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10d5e476742' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#秋水仙碱#</a>冠心病不难理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=179, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74767, encryptionId=10d5e476742, topicName=秋水仙碱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 13:46:23 CST 2020, time=2020-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035483, encodeId=4fb2103548333, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 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    2020-11-05 146465bem06暂无昵称

    秋水仙碱对冠心病的作用

    0

  7. 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    2020-11-05 13c30453m58暂无昵称

    学习学习学习

    0

  8. 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encodeId=dde989e087d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10d5e476742' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#秋水仙碱#</a>冠心病不难理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=179, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74767, encryptionId=10d5e476742, topicName=秋水仙碱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 13:46:23 CST 2020, time=2020-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035483, encodeId=4fb2103548333, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 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    2020-11-05 lovetcm

    低剂量#秋水仙碱#会不会象#阿司匹林#一样,小剂量后成为神药!目前发现在#冠心病##心肌梗死#中均有作用,其#抗炎#机制很复杂,具有多途径的抗炎症及机制:包括通过干扰细胞溶酶体脱颗粒,降低中性粒细胞的活性、黏附性及趋化性,抑制粒细胞向炎症区域的游走,从而发挥抗炎作用。通过干扰细胞间黏附分子及选择素的表达,从而阻碍T淋巴细胞活化及对内皮细胞的黏附,抑制炎症反应。此外,秋水仙碱还可通过减少E-选择素、L-选择素及内皮素的表达,发挥其抗炎作用。 同时,它与阿司匹林和他汀类并不冲突,作用机制也不一样,因此,能够减少#心血管残余风险#,能在阿司匹林和他汀基础上,进一步提升疗效,这是最令人欣慰的!如果再有3-5年的研究,可能会进化为新一代#神药#

    0

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