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当药品说明书遇上临床指南 该如何选择?

2019-03-17 徐明明 肿瘤时间

我国于 2018 年发布了《新型抗肿瘤药物临床应用指导原则( 2018 年版)》,文中指出:抗肿瘤药物的药品说明书是抗肿瘤药物临床应用的法定依据,其规定的适应证经过了国家药品监督管理部门批准。抗肿瘤药物临床应用须遵循药品说明书,不能随意超适应证使用。但是,随着癌症治疗临床实践的快速发展,目前上市的抗肿瘤药物尚不能完全满足肿瘤患者的用药需求,药品说明书也往往滞后于临床指南和实践,一些具有高级别循证医

我国于 2018 年发布了《新型抗肿瘤药物临床应用指导原则( 2018 年版)》,文中指出:抗肿瘤药物的药品说明书是抗肿瘤药物临床应用的法定依据,其规定的适应证经过了国家药品监督管理部门批准。

抗肿瘤药物临床应用须遵循药品说明书,不能随意超适应证使用。

但是,随着癌症治疗临床实践的快速发展,目前上市的抗肿瘤药物尚不能完全满足肿瘤患者的用药需求,药品说明书也往往滞后于临床指南和实践,一些具有高级别循证医学证据的用法未能及时在药品说明书中明确规定,而患者也面临着有药无法应用的困境。

目前,特殊情况下抗肿瘤药物使用采纳根据,一般依次为:其他国家或地区药品说明书中已注明的用法,国际权威学协会或组织发布的诊疗规范、指南,国家级学协会发布的经国家卫生健康委员会认可的诊疗规范、指南。

特殊情况下抗肿瘤药物的使用应当仅限于三级医院授权的具有高级专业技术职称的医师。

这样做在一定程度上规范了抗肿瘤药物的使用率,但也给基层医生实际工作带来许多困惑。

下面以小细胞肺癌(SCLC)为例,来表述一个作为基层肿瘤科医生的困惑。

美国癌症研究院据统计 SCLC 占肺癌的 18%,在欧洲比例占 20%,然而我国港台地区约占 14%,大陆地区约占 10%-15%。

由于 SCLC 的生物学特性与其他组织学类型不同,诊断时广泛期占 2/3,并且小细胞肺癌的临床治疗药物选择有限,长期治疗的治疗效果目前都不尽人意。

化疗是广泛期 SCLC 最主要的治疗手段,是广泛期 SCLC 患者的一线标准治疗。对于标准一线化疗方案大家都耳熟能详,包括伊立替康与铂类联合的方案 IP 方案及 IC 方案。

无论是 NCCN 指南、《原发性肺癌诊疗规范(2018年版)》及《CSCO 肺癌诊疗指南》都对上述方案做了推荐(图 1、2)。然而,伊立替康在我国的获批适应症仅为晚期大肠癌患者的治疗。



图1


图2

根据目前的伊立替康的说明书来看,并没有小细胞肺癌的适应症,作为一名基层医院的肿瘤科大夫的困惑如下:

1. 能不能选择含有伊立替康的方案?

2. 如果需要使用该方案,必须到三级医院就诊?

3. 如果使用该药物后,个别患者和家属投诉我们是跨适应症用药,是否有法律的依据来维护自己的合法权益?

4. 尽管,近30年来SCLC的治疗仍然暗淡无光,但是安罗替尼的出现让我们看到了一丝希望。根据ALTER1202研究,对于接受多线治疗后病情进展的患者,安罗替尼能够显着改善PFS和ORR。那么,目前对于多线治疗后的SCLC患者,能否使用安罗替尼?

注:《超药品说明书用药》 2018版指出:伊立替康(开普拓) 可用于广泛期小细胞肺癌。

参考文献

1. 《新型抗肿瘤药物临床应用指导原则( 2018 年版)》.

2. 《超药品说明书用药》 2018 版.

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    2020-07-20 13e916b4m09暂无昵称

    相同的困惑

    0

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    2020-07-20 13e916b4m09暂无昵称

    想看看这个帖子怎么下面没有评论

    0

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