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JAMA Inter Med:经常感冒?可能是睡眠不足惹的祸!

2016-04-15 美国爱荷华大学公共卫生学院 包巍 MedSci原创

“吃好、睡好、身体好!”睡眠越来越被认为是维持身体健康的重要决定因素。美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)推荐,成年人睡眠理想时长为7-8个小时。然而,随着现代社会工作和生活的节奏越来越快、压力越来越大,睡眠障碍和睡眠不足正在悄悄地夺走许多人的健康。在美国,约5000-7000万人要么存在睡眠障碍,要么经常性睡眠不足。2016年4月11日发表于美国医学会《JAMA内科学》的一项最新研究称,每晚睡眠不超过五

“吃好、睡好、身体好!”睡眠越来越被认为是维持身体健康的重要决定因素。美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)推荐,成年人睡眠理想时长为7-8个小时。然而,随着现代社会工作和生活的节奏越来越快、压力越来越大,睡眠障碍和睡眠不足正在悄悄地夺走许多人的健康。在美国,约5000-7000万人要么存在睡眠障碍,要么经常性睡眠不足。

2016年4月11日发表于美国医学会《JAMA内科学》的一项最新研究称,每晚睡眠不超过五个小时或有睡眠障碍的成年人,将更有可能患普通感冒和感染性疾病(包括流感、肺炎和耳部感染)。这可能与睡眠不足影响我们的免疫力有关。

加州大学旧金山分校的研究者们分析了在2005年到2012年间参与美国国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)的22726名成年受访者(平均年龄46.2岁)的数据。这是一项由美国卫生部国家卫生统计中心管理的全国性的多阶段抽样调查。这些调查对象报告了他们平均每天的睡眠时间(以小时为单位)、是否曾经被医生诊断为睡眠障碍、以及是否有睡眠问题。同时,他们还报告他们在过去的30天内是否有患过普通感冒和感染性疾病(包括流感、肺炎和耳部感染)。为了考虑可能的混杂因素,他们在统计分析中调整了年龄、性别、种族/民族、最高教育程度、家庭收入、婚姻状况、吸烟状况、体育锻炼、体重指数(BMI)以及调查的年份。

研究结果发现,13.6%的调查对象报告他们每天睡眠时间为5小时或更少,23.0%的人每天睡6小时,56.3%的人每天睡7-8小时,7.1%的人每天睡9小时或以上。有7.1%的人报告他们存在经医生诊断的睡眠障碍。与睡7-8小时的人相比,短睡眠者(≤ 5小时)患普通感冒的风险增加28%,患感染性疾病的风险增加82%。存在睡眠障碍的人比没有睡眠障碍的人患普通感冒的风险增加30%,患感染性疾病的风险增加115%。该文作者表示,虽然受横断面研究设计的影响,这项研究并不能够证实睡眠和感冒与感染性疾病之间的因果关系。但是,现有证据提示,睡眠时间不足或者睡眠障碍可能会影响免疫系统,从而增加患感冒和感染性疾病的可能性。

需要指出的是,睡眠不足和睡眠障碍对健康的危害远不止于感冒和感染性疾病。大量研究已经表明,睡眠不足和睡眠障碍也会显著增加患糖尿病、代谢综合征、心血管疾病等慢性疾病的发病风险,同时也会增加死亡率。在许多国家,尤其是西方国家,睡眠总是屈从于多工作、多产出的需要,也就是说人们经常选择先把其他“必需”要做的事情做完然后才去睡觉,这可能短期内凑效,但从长远来看是得不偿失的。睡眠不好可能也会导致出现其他不利健康的行为。比如,睡眠时间短的人可能会减少时间去做身体锻炼和改善营养,随着时间的推移,这些都会影响身体健康。这项研究或许将有助于公众认识到睡眠是一个重要的健康相关行为,并进而把睡眠情况作为衡量最佳健康状况的指证之一。

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    2016-10-06 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章真心很好,感谢作者

    0

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    2016-04-15 1de3b290m83(暂无匿称)

    健康状态

    0

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    2016-04-15 李继凯

    值得关注

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=141012, encodeId=fe8c1410128f, content=文章真心很好,感谢作者, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Oct 06 13:58:45 CST 2016, time=2016-10-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1606896, encodeId=4def1606896be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Apr 17 06:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78620, encodeId=8f28e862044, content=健康状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTK29w9r0upRgxUXHNhe7bd3VxHnhBSpibMbKOjtX92zXr78SkuZfUNuADrjHiaw6uibZaEYjh9cJLzew/132, createdBy=261e1682638, createdName=1de3b290m83(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 15 21:47:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78558, encodeId=dd72e855885, content=值得关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=189, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=240a1683959, createdName=李继凯, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 20:05:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78557, encodeId=5d76e8557d0, content=文章不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=213, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=240a1683959, createdName=李继凯, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 20:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78511, encodeId=2ce2e8511c9, content=身体就是一个稳态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=182, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaEJJAFMgSjibMicGVUgkmDBw4svXiccQxZicwjRHNxGPTghAmITxP12Rcmm0yFKfwGwUaiaUwpPUUUTOd2g/0, createdBy=fcd21609070, createdName=hekzn, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 15:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-04-15 李继凯

    文章不错

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=141012, encodeId=fe8c1410128f, content=文章真心很好,感谢作者, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Oct 06 13:58:45 CST 2016, time=2016-10-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1606896, encodeId=4def1606896be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Apr 17 06:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78620, encodeId=8f28e862044, content=健康状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTK29w9r0upRgxUXHNhe7bd3VxHnhBSpibMbKOjtX92zXr78SkuZfUNuADrjHiaw6uibZaEYjh9cJLzew/132, createdBy=261e1682638, createdName=1de3b290m83(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 15 21:47:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78558, encodeId=dd72e855885, content=值得关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=189, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=240a1683959, createdName=李继凯, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 20:05:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78557, encodeId=5d76e8557d0, content=文章不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=213, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=240a1683959, createdName=李继凯, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 20:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78511, encodeId=2ce2e8511c9, content=身体就是一个稳态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=182, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaEJJAFMgSjibMicGVUgkmDBw4svXiccQxZicwjRHNxGPTghAmITxP12Rcmm0yFKfwGwUaiaUwpPUUUTOd2g/0, createdBy=fcd21609070, createdName=hekzn, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 15:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-04-15 hekzn

    身体就是一个稳态

    0

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