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JAMA Network Open:一周只需节食2天,就可轻松控制血糖!科学家证实,2型糖尿病患者或无需天天节食

2018-08-15 奇点糕 奇点网

健康的胖子管不住嘴倒也没啥,但要是得了糖尿病还管不住,那各种并发症可就都来了。对此,这里有一个好消息,每周只要狠狠地饿两天,其他时间该吃吃该喝喝,一样能达到连续节食控制糖尿病的效果。这项研究发表在JAMA Network Open上。

健康的胖子管不住嘴倒也没啥,但要是得了糖尿病还管不住,那各种并发症可就都来了。对此,这里有一个好消息,每周只要狠狠地饿两天,其他时间该吃吃该喝喝,一样能达到连续节食控制糖尿病的效果。这项研究发表在JAMA Network Open上。

说起减肥,不知道有没有小伙伴跟奇点糕一样,明明节食了也运动了,可体重就是不往下掉。其实这是我们的身体“饿怕了”,有研究显示,在连续的能量“赤字”中,我们身体的基础代谢率会降低。

想想奇点糕每天为了减肥跑步,结果基础代谢低了一截,那岂不是白跑了。对此奇点糕表示很不爽。

间歇性节食法正是为此而生。通过节食后一段时间的正常饮食,恢复正常的基础代谢速率,从而达到更好的减肥效果。

不过具体到节食方法上,可就是公说公有理,婆说婆有理了。有隔日节食(1:1)的,有一周节食两天(5:2)的,有隔一周节食一周的,还有隔两周节食两周的。到底哪种方法好,奇点糕也没理出头绪。

在一项研究中,经过隔两周节食两周,共16周的节食(加上间隔共30周),间歇性节食组平均比没有间隔,连续节食16周的连续节食组多减了5kg体重。


间歇性节食(INT)减肥效果好于连续(CON)节食,而且更不容易反弹

间歇性节食的减肥效果这么好,而2型糖尿病又和肥胖有很大关系,那是不是能通过间歇性节食,辅助治疗2型糖尿病呢?

南澳大学的研究团队就此展开了探索。谨慎起见,研究人员首先进行了一个小规模的试点试验。

可能是为了降低节食难度,研究人员选择的是较易坚持的5:2节食方案。试验中的63名肥胖或超重的2型糖尿病患者,在12周的间歇节食或连续节食后,糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和体重都明显下降了。而两种节食方法之间,血糖控制和减重上都没有明显区别。

初步试验的结果让研究人员认为,间歇性节食对超重和肥胖的2型糖尿病患者来说,是一种有效的替代减肥策略。

不过试点试验毕竟人数少,时间短,还需要样本量更大,持续时间更长的试验进一步验证。研究人员又招募了137名志愿者,进行了为期一年的试验。

志愿者被分成两组,间歇节食组每周节食两天,这两天内每天只摄入500-600kcal的食物,大约相当于两条士力架,或者正常人每日摄入热量的25%,另外5天饮食上不作限制。

连续节食组每天都严格摄入1200-1500kcal的食物,约是正常日摄入量的70%。两组的饮食结构都是30%蛋白质、45%碳水化合物和25%脂肪,每周摄入的总能量也是相似的。

试验中,研究人员只规定了饮食结构和总热量。至于具体吃什么,完全按照志愿者自己的饮食习惯。这也使得这个试验中,志愿者的依从性很好,到试验结束只有7人(间歇节食组2人,连续节食组5人)是因为不能遵守节食计划而退出的。



在节食的作用下,两组志愿者的糖化血红蛋白平均水平都显着下降了。而在两组间,糖化血红蛋白水平差异只有0.2%,可以说两种方法是等效的。

在其他方面,尤其是降糖药的需求和低血糖的出现次数这两个指标上,两组之间同样没有差别,都随着试验进行明显降低。此外,间歇性节食组患者在节食的两天,也不需要大幅减少胰岛素的剂量了。两组患者自身的血糖调节能力,都至少部分的恢复了。

可见,在控制2型糖尿病上,间歇性节食至少不比传统的连续节食差。对和奇点糕一样管不住嘴的糖尿病患者来说,这可是个大大的福音。

不过这个研究也有一定的不足。试验中的志愿者都是控制良好的2型糖尿病患者,不能代表那些血糖控制不佳的患者。此外,试验中只用了指尖测血糖,而没用连续血糖监测,这可能会让研究人员漏掉一些短时的高血糖和低血糖

特别需要注意的是,间歇性节食对饮食控制型糖尿病和使用不易引起低血糖药物的糖尿病患者是安全的。但对于那些使用磺脲类药物或胰岛素的患者,在节食日一定要调整药量并监测血糖,尤其是在刚开始进行间歇性节食时。

“间歇性能量限制是治疗2型糖尿病的一种有效的减肥策略,可能优于持续能量限制。”论文通讯作者Clifton表示,“然而,需要小心地调节药物避免低血糖。”

原始出处:Carter S, Clifton P M, Keogh J B, et al. Effect of Intermittent Compared With Continuous Energy Restricted Diet on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Noninferiority Trial[J]. JAMA Network Open, 2018, 1(3): e180756-e180756.

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    2018-08-30 feather89
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    2018-12-22 canlab
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    2018-08-17 lsndxfj
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    2018-08-15 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

    0

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