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Br J Anaesth:甲状腺功能亢进患者围手术期甲状腺风暴的风险

2021-10-19 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

背景:甲状腺风暴是甲状腺机能亢进患者手术中一个可怕的并发症。我们评估了原发性甲状腺机能亢进手术患者不同术前治疗方案发生甲状腺风暴的风险。

背景:甲状腺风暴是甲状腺机能亢进患者手术中一个可怕的并发症。我们评估了原发性甲状腺机能亢进手术患者不同术前治疗方案发生甲状腺风暴的风险。

方法:系统检索Pubmed、EMBASE和Cochrane Library中所有关于在全身麻醉下接受选择性手术的成人甲状腺功能亢进患者的研究。选择的研究根据术前治疗进行分类:无治疗、抗甲状腺药物(硫酰胺类)、碘、β受体阻断药物或其联合用药。治疗效果,即恢复甲状腺功能正常,如果有的话,从文献中摘录。使用非随机化干预研究中的偏倚风险(Robins-I)或随机研究的Cochrane偏倚风险工具来评估偏倚风险。

结果:搜索产生了7009篇文章,其中26篇发表于1975年至2020年的研究被选中进行批判性评价。所有研究均存在中度至临界偏倚风险,主要原因是混淆风险、干预状态分类和结果定义。所有的研究都报道了甲状腺切除术患者。我们没有发现在治疗和未治疗患者之间比较甲状腺风暴风险的随机研究。所有治疗组均报告甲状腺风暴病例,其发生率从0%至14%不等。

表1 Burch和Wartofsky评分系统。≥45分高度提示甲状腺风暴;25-44的分数提示可能产生甲状腺风暴,而低于25的分数代表不太可能出现甲状腺风暴。

表2 总体结果。纳入研究中甲状腺风暴发生率的概述。对每项研究的作者、发表年份、纳入患者的数量、术前治疗、甲状腺风暴的发生和死亡率进行了描述。如果未报告接受过某种治疗的患者数量已在此表中注明。*这些数字是根据正文重建的,但在原文中没有明确给出,因此在估计它们时可能会有错误。y正文中没有给出甲状腺风暴的诊断,但描述了甲状腺毒症的严重程度增加,症状有出汗、精神混乱、激动、心动过速和发烧。由于没有给出任何值,BurcheWartofsky的得分无法估计。

结论:这是第一次对文献进行综述,概述目前有关甲亢患者围手术期甲状腺风暴风险的现有证据。尽管这篇综述涵盖了所有相关文献,但研究设计和纳入研究的都存在一些局限性,因此评估围手术期甲状腺风暴风险的证据是不充分的。鉴于这种并发症的严重性和不可能确定风险增加的患者,这些患者的术前治疗仍然是必要的。

原文出处:

de Mul N,  Damstra J,  Nieveen van Dijkum EJM,et al.The risk of perioperative thyroid storm in hyperthyroid patients: a systematic review.Br J Anaesth 2021 Aug 10

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