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Mov Disord: 多基因评分,可预测帕金森发病率

2021-09-24 Freeman MedSci原创

在调整了饮食和生活方式因素后,在前瞻性的中国队列中发现了与PD发病率明显相关的PRS。

帕金森病(PD)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,其特征是存在静止性震颤、僵硬、运动迟缓和姿势不稳。

黑质旁的多巴胺能神经元的退化是帕金森病的组织病理学标志,它先于临床症状。基因和环境因素都有助于该疾病的发生,其中高龄是最大的风险因素。

遗传学风险评估提供了在疾病发生前识别高危人群的客观定量几率。目前的方法倾向于 "共同的疾病,共同的变体common disease, common variant "假说,其中低风险等位基因占了广泛称为多基因风险评分(PRS)的遗传板的大部分。

到目前为止,PRS已被证明能更好地估计PD风险和监测疾病进展。全基因组关联研究(GWAS)使这些等位基因的鉴定成为可能;然而,GWAS在很大程度上仅限于欧洲血统的人群。由于不同血统的人群之间的遗传异质性,有必要建立一个特定种族的PRS框架。

此外,还需要考虑到可能受社会和文化差异影响的生活方式和饮食因素。为了解决目前的知识空白,新加坡南洋理工大学的 Ming-Wei Sia等人,研究了由两个亚洲特有的遗传风险变异(LRRK2 G2385R和R1628P)和四个亚洲GWAS单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)组成的PRS,并评估了其与新加坡华人健康研究(SZS)前瞻性队列的25646名研究参与者与PD发病率的关系。

他们从新加坡华人健康研究队列的25,646名参与者中前瞻性地收集遗传、饮食和生活方式信息。用亚洲特有的和顶级的全基因组关联研究变体构建PRS。用多变量Cox比例危险模型、Kaplan-Meier生存分析和一致性统计来评估PRS与PD发病率之间的关系。

在超过20年的随访期后,共发现333例发病病例。在调整了饮食和生活方式风险因素后,PRS处于最高三分位数(危险比[HR],1.81;95%置信区间[CI],1.37-2.39)和中间三分位数(HR,1.35;95%CI,1.00-1.83)的参与者患PD的风险更高,在Kaplan-Meier生存分析中,PD事件的时间更短(P < 0.001)。

这个研究的重要意义在于发现了:在调整了饮食和生活方式因素后,在前瞻性的中国队列中发现了与PD发病率明显相关的PRS。


原文出处:
Sia M, Foo J, Saffari S, et al. Polygenic Risk Scores in a Prospective Parkinson’s Disease Cohort. Mov Disord. Published online August 17, 2021:mds.28761. doi:10.1002/mds.28761

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    2021-10-20 syscxl
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    2022-03-16 cmsvly

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