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JAHA:直接口服抗凝剂与华法林在房颤和瓣膜置换或修复患者中的比较

2022-08-28 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在房颤患者中,与华法林相比,DOACs具有类似的死亡率、较低的出血、生物瓣膜置换术后卒中风险较高,且MV修复的所有3种结局的风险均较低。

直接口服抗凝药物(DOACs)已成为预防非瓣膜性房颤(AF)患者血栓栓塞的首选治疗方法。房颤合并瓣瓣性心脏病的患病率不断增加,且两种疾病并存时,血栓栓塞发生风险显著增加。但是,在评估DOACs与华法林在房颤患者中的疗效的试验中只纳入了少数瓣膜性房颤患者;在这些具有里程碑意义的研究中,那些之前接受过生物瓣膜置换术和/或修复术的患者被排除在主要结果分析之外。

近日,心血管疾病领域权威杂志JAHA上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员试图评估直接口服抗凝药物(DOACs)与华法林在房颤瓣膜修复/置换治疗中的疗效。

从2015年-2019年,研究人员确定了两组来自Medicare的房颤队列。他们纳入了接受手术或经导管二尖瓣修复的患者(MV修复队列)和外科主动脉或二尖瓣生物假体或经导管主动脉瓣置换术的患者(生物瓣膜队列)。每个队列被分为华法林和DOACs(阿哌沙班、利伐沙班和达比加群)组。研究结果包括死亡率、卒中和大出血。各队列中两组间采用逆概率加权进行调整。

MV修复队列纳入了1178例患者。中位468天后,与华法林相比,服用DOACs后死亡(风险比[HR]为0.67[95%CI为0.55-0.82],P<0.001)、缺血性卒中(HR为0.72[95%CI为0.52-1.00],P=0.05)和出血(HR为0.79[95%CI为0.63-0.99],P=0.04)风险较低。生物瓣膜队列纳入了8089例患者。中位随访413天后,DOACs与华法林相比,死亡风险相似(校正后HR为0.93[95%CI为0.86-1.01],P=0.08),缺血性卒中风险更高(校正后HR为1.27[95%CI为1.13-1.43],P<0.001),出血风险更低(校正后HR为0.86[95%CI为0.80-0.93],P<0.001)。

由此可见,在房颤患者中,与华法林相比,DOACs具有类似的死亡率、较低的出血、生物瓣膜置换术后卒中风险较高,且MV修复的所有3种结局的风险均较低。

 

原始出处:

Amgad Mentias.et al.Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Valve Replacement or Repair.JAHA.2022.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.122.026666

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    2022-12-12 yxch48
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    2022-08-29 zhaohui6731
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