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Nature子刊:每晚醒100次竟正常?你甚至毫无察觉!

2022-07-31 转化医学网 网络

在未来,研究人员表示应该寻求开发不影响睡眠期间去甲肾上腺素波的药物。

导读:去甲肾上腺素会导致你每晚醒来多次。但是并不会影响睡眠,研究者利用小鼠模型来探索去甲肾上腺素对睡眠波的影响,发现去甲肾上腺素深谷数量与记忆力的关系,此外,该发现还为抗抑郁药物的研发提供新角度。

去甲肾上腺素

去甲肾上腺素是一种压力荷尔蒙和递质物质,与身体的战斗或逃跑反应有关。它与肾上腺素有关,在压力期间水平可能会增加,但它也可以帮助保持专注。

大多数人可能会认为睡眠是所处的一种恒定状态,然而事实并非如此,去甲肾上腺素会导致你每晚醒来超过100次。这是在完全正常的睡眠期间。尽管去甲肾上腺素会导致大脑每晚醒来超过100次,但我们并不认为它是醒来的。

从神经学上讲,你确实会醒来,因为在这些非常短暂的时刻,你的大脑活动与你清醒时是一样的。但这一刻是如此短暂,以至于睡眠者不会注意到。

因此,研究人员利用小鼠模型进行研究。

去甲肾上腺素影响睡眠波

研究者将由玻璃制成的微观光纤和基因操纵的“光受体”插入测试小鼠的大脑中。随后,研究人员测量了不同时间去甲肾上腺素的水平,并将其与大脑中的电波活动进行了比较。这是他们发现高水平去甲肾上腺素的区域。然后通过使用植入设备进行记忆测试,以增加去甲肾上腺素波的振幅,改善动物的记忆力。

研究表明,当我们睡觉时,体内去甲肾上腺素的水平以波浪状模式不断增加和减少。高水平的去甲肾上腺素意味着大脑短暂清醒,而低水平的去甲肾上腺素意味着你睡着了。也就是说,你的去甲肾上腺素水平和“觉醒”程度是相互联系的,并且不断变化。

研究在记忆和抗抑郁药中的应用

众所周知,睡眠在很多方面对我们都有好处。它可以预防阿尔茨海默氏症并改善我们的记忆力。研究结果表明,去甲肾上腺素谷深谷数量最多的小鼠也是记忆力最好的小鼠。这表明去甲肾上腺素动力学加强了影响记忆的睡眠过程。

除此之外,某些形式的抗抑郁药会增加体内去肾上腺素的水平即增加了看到更少的深度睡眠谷的风险。研究表明,这种情况可能会影响记忆力,因此,在未来,研究人员表示应该寻求开发不影响睡眠期间去甲肾上腺素波的药物。

参考资料:

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-07-stress-transmitter-brain-nightand-perfectly.html

注:本文旨在介绍医学研究进展,不能作为治疗方案参考。如需获得健康指导,请至正规医院就诊。

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    2023-06-03 liye789132251
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