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Nature发文,评论“虚假同行评审”致论文撤稿事件

2017-06-28 徐志杰 MedSci原创

6月20日,《Nature》杂志报道了中国政府对《肿瘤生物学》杂志撤稿事件的态度和处理,简要分析了事件发生的部分原因。本文对该报道做了中文呈现。

导读:同行评审(Peer review)是一种论文审查程序,即一位作者的学术着作或计划让同一领域的其他专家学者来加以评审,在出版单位主要以同行评审的方法来选择与筛选所投送的稿件录取与否。今年4月,著名学术出版机构施普林格出版集团宣布撤销旗下期刊《肿瘤生物学(Tumor Biology)》的107篇中国肿瘤生物学领域论文,涉及中国500多名研究人员,引起社会的广泛关注。6月20日,《Nature》杂志报道了中国政府对这一事件的态度和处理,简要分析了事件发生的部分原因。本文对该报道做了中文呈现。

中国政府将对制造虚假论文评审欺骗投稿期刊的科研人员采取处理。国家科技部下属有关部门于6月14日发布声明称,政府将暂停为学术涉及某欺诈事件的研究人员拨款,该事件即是指今年早些时候某肿瘤期刊撤销了107篇中国作者的研究论文一事。中国基金会承诺会加大对科研领域的监管力度,防止此类欺诈现象再次发生。本月早些时候,国家科技部、卫计委、国家自然基金委等多个部门的代表召开会议,通过了对科研不端行为加大惩处力度的意见。

“据我所知,以前从来没有让这么多部门和人员一起研究解决论文造假问题。中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所水资源研究员姜文来如是说道。

此次会议旨在回应4月份《肿瘤生物学》杂志撤稿事件,杂志出版商Springer Nature发现支持107篇论文通过的评审结果存在造假问题。此后Springer Nature停止出版了《肿瘤生物学》杂志。

虚假同行评审的问题在世界范围内都存在。当研究人员或论文代理公司推荐某些科研专家作为同行评议者,但填的电子邮箱却是其个人或公司自己的邮箱时,他们便会撰写建议论文发表的虚假评审意见。

杜撰虚假同行评审意见的网上论文代理公司是此次要严肃处理的主要目标。有关部门希望联合中央网络安全和信息化领导小组办公室来找出论文代理公司背后的始作俑者。“如果你关闭了一家(网站),他们又会开出另外的,国家自然基金委主任杨卫表示,“我们的目标是找出事件背后的主谋。

这个问题其实已经超出了癌症研究的范围。“你可以上网找找,有很多,不同的公司提供不同领域的服务,”杨卫表示。

令人惊讶的是,在这一事件中107个撤销的论文中只有17篇是由国家自然科学基金资助的,而国家自然科学基金实际上为60%以上的国内研究提供了资助。杨卫认为,许多涉事的科学家才刚刚开始自己的职业生涯,为了能站稳脚跟,他们就不顾一切地在首次论文发表时寻求这种“帮助,是为了能申请更好的资助。国家自然科学基金委发现了30多个待处理的申请中包含了这些被撤销的论文。目前这些申请已被取消。

一些旁观者在社交媒体上对此次涉丑的临床研究人员表示了同情。中国的医生被迫需要发表论文,但是却很少有时间或资源去做研究。姜文来也对此表示同情,但表示这些发表的论文纯粹只是为了个人晋升,对科学发展却毫无益处。他认为虽然这些作者难辞其咎,但其他一些因素也导致了这种情况的出现,比如不合理的评估体系,以及学术期刊在同行评审方面缺乏监督。“这不仅仅是作者的问题,这是一个社会问题,”姜文来说,“只惩罚作者并不能解决这个问题。

在姜文来看来,此次政府的处理行动能否取得成功,在于实际操作中是否能为医生和科研人员严格贯彻一个更加公正的评价体系。

原始出处:

David Cyranoski. China cracks down on fake peer reviews,Nature,June 20,2017. doi:10.1038/546464a

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    2017-10-10 liye789132251
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    2017-06-28 杏·林

    Nature也关注了!不过这件事就是它们家的呀……

    0

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    2017-06-28 明天会更好!

    感谢分享!继续关注!

    0

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