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围术用药丨肌松药打到硬膜外了会怎么样?

2022-02-27 老李飞麻 老李飞麻

一起来学习!

硬膜外麻醉手术快结束的时候,很多人喜欢打吗啡,效果非常好,打多少量还是很有讲究,最开始的时候给2 mg,后来发现太多了,患者吐的厉害,而且两成以上的患者会出现瘙痒,后来给1 mg,但是管不到24 h,患者就开始喊疼了。所以我现在基本改为1.5 mg了。故事如果发展到这里就没什么故事了。有一天一个同事毛头小伙子没听清楚还是其他原因,打进了10 mg吗啡,患者已经是深大呼吸了。只能跑到脑外科那里借了4 mg的纳洛酮,也是配泵,后面的情况不清楚,应该折腾蛮久。后来想想这药物在硬膜外的药代学是怎么样呢?以前硬膜外可是什么都打,如吗啡、舒芬太尼、地塞米松,甚至恩丹司琼。

一老太太下肢骨科手术快结束了,懒得配吗啡,找了隔壁那里拿了一只药,打了2 ml进去,隔壁的医师跑过来说,你拿了什么药,打到哪里了。吗啡啊,打硬膜外了。再仔细看看,发现打进去的是2 mg维库溴铵。这时已经打进去快10 min了,问老太太有什么症状没有,说还好,又过了10 min,老太太说有点胸闷,透气透不上来。怎么办呢?先静推了半支新斯的明,再配个静脉泵,泵里加4支新斯的明,又过了半小时,问患者情况怎么样,说肚子疼,但呼吸不那么费力了。把镇痛泵停了,在复苏室观察了一个多小时,送回病房。

用几个关键词:epduralneuromuscular case reportEnglish搜了一下pubmed,居然还真有这样的发生,总共找出七篇文章,其中琥珀胆碱的2篇,维库溴铵的3篇。有一篇是不小心皮下注射的。

先看第一篇文章:

图片

这篇文章说的是本来就要实施全麻复合硬膜外麻醉,全麻气管插管后不小心将维库溴铵2 mg推到硬膜外了,手术结束后,常规给予拮抗肌松,硬膜外给药后约120 min拔管,安返病房。作者认为维库溴铵和其他脂溶性局麻药一样,血浆高峰期在给药25 min左右。还有一种可能是维库溴铵是小分子,容易经硬膜外吸收扩散,所以维持时间会较短。

第二篇文章:

图片

这篇叙述的更加清晰,硬膜外打了阻滞不全,给了司可林后上了喉罩,但是硬膜外加药的时候不小心把维库溴铵混到罗哌卡因达到硬膜外了。使用TOF监测后发现给药后8090100105 minTOF值分别为10%25%50%70%。再给点新斯的明拮抗后10 min就拔管了。观察2小时患者送病房。

麻醉用错药的事情好像在之前的一篇几个麻醉小故事中讲过,说的是进修的时候深静脉穿刺,把消毒的酒精当做生理盐水打进右心,患者出现频发室上速。当然,现在回想起来很荒诞,但什么事情出了肯定是有原因的,为什么要用酒精消毒,为什么要用同一种碗装,为什么要让我这个不熟悉的人干。至于肌松药打到硬膜外会怎么样,希望大家踊跃留言讨论。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937190, encodeId=77e6193e19081, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c06ae363256' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#硬膜外#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73632, encryptionId=c06ae363256, topicName=硬膜外)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3b172500206, createdName=12498ebem19暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Oct 18 06:42:39 CST 2022, time=2022-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569104, encodeId=405c156910401, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dcc28093201' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肌松药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80932, encryptionId=dcc28093201, topicName=肌松药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Tue Mar 01 09:42:39 CST 2022, time=2022-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197903, encodeId=8a43119e903df, content=镜见杓间区、左侧杓部、双侧室带, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Mon Feb 28 07:07:39 CST 2022, time=2022-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197858, encodeId=2eaa119e858b5, content=不错,学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200804/71b93f810a1e4207a9217a6467a4f9c5/e61aba3d317f432c8839512dda2a6e44.jpg, createdBy=72b05408746, createdName=起网名叫可乐, createdTime=Sun Feb 27 23:17:18 CST 2022, time=2022-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937190, encodeId=77e6193e19081, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c06ae363256' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#硬膜外#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73632, encryptionId=c06ae363256, topicName=硬膜外)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3b172500206, createdName=12498ebem19暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Oct 18 06:42:39 CST 2022, time=2022-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569104, encodeId=405c156910401, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dcc28093201' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肌松药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80932, encryptionId=dcc28093201, topicName=肌松药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Tue Mar 01 09:42:39 CST 2022, time=2022-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197903, encodeId=8a43119e903df, content=镜见杓间区、左侧杓部、双侧室带, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Mon Feb 28 07:07:39 CST 2022, time=2022-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197858, encodeId=2eaa119e858b5, content=不错,学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200804/71b93f810a1e4207a9217a6467a4f9c5/e61aba3d317f432c8839512dda2a6e44.jpg, createdBy=72b05408746, createdName=起网名叫可乐, createdTime=Sun Feb 27 23:17:18 CST 2022, time=2022-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-28 查查佳佳

    镜见杓间区、左侧杓部、双侧室带

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937190, encodeId=77e6193e19081, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c06ae363256' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#硬膜外#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73632, encryptionId=c06ae363256, topicName=硬膜外)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3b172500206, createdName=12498ebem19暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Oct 18 06:42:39 CST 2022, time=2022-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569104, encodeId=405c156910401, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dcc28093201' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肌松药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80932, encryptionId=dcc28093201, topicName=肌松药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Tue Mar 01 09:42:39 CST 2022, time=2022-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197903, encodeId=8a43119e903df, content=镜见杓间区、左侧杓部、双侧室带, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Mon Feb 28 07:07:39 CST 2022, time=2022-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197858, encodeId=2eaa119e858b5, content=不错,学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200804/71b93f810a1e4207a9217a6467a4f9c5/e61aba3d317f432c8839512dda2a6e44.jpg, createdBy=72b05408746, createdName=起网名叫可乐, createdTime=Sun Feb 27 23:17:18 CST 2022, time=2022-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-27 起网名叫可乐

    不错,学习了!

    0

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