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Alzheimer Dementia :路易体痴呆患者,核心特征如何随时间变化

2021-12-09 Freeman MedSci原创

男性、RBD和无新皮层缠结的路易体病与可能的DLB的较早潜伏期有关。

路易体痴呆(DLB)是一种进行性的神经退行性疾病,其特点是认知障碍和四个核心特征的不同组合,包括快速眼动睡眠行为障碍(RBD)、帕金森症、认知波动和完全形成的视觉幻觉(VH)。

DLB的病理标志是与路易相关的病理,但在尸检样本中至少有一半的DLB患者同时存在不同程度的阿尔茨海默病(AD)相关病理。 尽管人们对DLB有了更多的认识,也有了结构化的诊断工具,但DLB的诊断灵敏度已提高到85%,尽管对没有新皮层神经纤维缠结的路易体病来说灵敏度较高,而对有广泛的新皮层缠结者来说灵敏度较低。


确立临床上可能的DLB诊断需要两个或更多的核心特征,并取决于每个核心特征何时宣称自己。在临床上,男性更有可能有RBD的报告史,和无新皮质缠结的路易体病。然而,并非所有DLB患者都会出现RBD,混合病理的患者RBD的比率较低,从认知开始到DLB诊断的延迟时间较长。

藉此, 梅奥诊所的Parichita Choudhur等 探究了男性和女性可能患DLB的核心特征的时间顺序,并探究在临床队列和尸检子集中,性别、RBD状态和病理学是否与较早或较晚诊断为可能的DLB有关。


在488名可能的DLB患者中,他们确定了男性和女性以及一个病理亚组(n = 209)的每个核心特征的发病和诊断时间。

他们发现;男性和女性的快速眼动睡眠行为障碍(RBD)在其他核心特征之前发病。男性更有可能出现RBD,并且比女性更早被诊断为可能的DLB。

男性的视幻觉是在其他核心特征之后出现的,但在女性,视幻觉出现得更早,并与波动和帕金森症同时出现。

女性在首次就诊时年龄更大,认知能力更差,不太可能有RBD,更可能比男性更晚被诊断为可能的DLB,而且更可能有新皮质缠结。

该研究的重要意义在于发现了:男性、RBD和无新皮层缠结的路易体病与可能的DLB的较早潜伏期有关。


原文出处:
Choudhury P, Graff‐Radford J, Aakre JA, et al. The temporal onset of the core features in dementia with Lewy bodies. Alzheimer’s & Dementia. Published online November 11, 2021:alz.12411. doi:10.1002/alz.12411

 

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    2021-12-09 1244c0ebm28暂无昵称

    学习学习

    0

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    2021-12-08 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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