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Cell Immunity:一种蛋白质有助控制免疫系统功能

2013-05-06 新华社 新华社

日本一个研究团队报告说,他们发现一种蛋白质与调节细胞内钙浓度相关,是抑制性T细胞成熟所必需的,如实现对这种蛋白质分子的人工控制,就有可能治疗干燥综合征、多发性硬化症等自体免疫疾病。 健康人体免疫系统能区别自体与外来物质,在攻击入侵的细菌、病毒等病原体的同时,避免攻击自身组织。但是如果免疫反应过度,免疫系统就会攻击正常的细胞和组织,导致过敏和自体免疫疾病等。因此,何时激活或抑制免疫系统非常重要。

日本一个研究团队报告说,他们发现一种蛋白质与调节细胞内钙浓度相关,是抑制性T细胞成熟所必需的,如实现对这种蛋白质分子的人工控制,就有可能治疗干燥综合征、多发性硬化症等自体免疫疾病。

健康人体免疫系统能区别自体与外来物质,在攻击入侵的细菌、病毒等病原体的同时,避免攻击自身组织。但是如果免疫反应过度,免疫系统就会攻击正常的细胞和组织,导致过敏和自体免疫疾病等。因此,何时激活或抑制免疫系统非常重要。

在免疫系统中,T细胞起着重要的作用,这种淋巴细胞能识别病毒、细菌等异物并指挥其他免疫细胞进攻异物。而其中的抑制性T细胞亚群能对免疫系统起负向调节作用。若其功能失常,则免疫反应过强,会引发自体免疫疾病。

东京医科齿科大学副教授大洞将嗣的团队发现,基质交感分子与抑制性T细胞的生成相关。他们培育出一批不能合成基质交感分子1和基质交感分子2的实验鼠,发现这些实验鼠体内完全不能产生抑制性T细胞。进一步实验显示,在基质交感分子的作用下,钙进入细胞内部,而钙进入细胞是抑制性T细胞增殖所必不可少的。

研究人员在新一期《免疫》(Immunity)杂志网络版上发表论文说,基质交感分子是人工培育和诱导抑制性T细胞的必需因子,实现对这种蛋白质分子的人工控制,就有可能治疗多种自体免疫疾病

免疫相关的拓展阅读:

Agonist-Selected T Cell Development Requires Strong T Cell Receptor Signaling and Store-Operated Calcium Entry

T cell receptor (TCR) signaling driven by interaction of the TCR with specific complexes of self-peptide and the major histocompatibility complex determines T cell fate in thymic development. However, the signaling pathway through which TCR signal strength regulates distinct T cell lineages remains unknown. Here we have used mice lacking the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensors stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and STIM2 to show that STIM-induced store-operated Ca2+ entry is not essential for thymic development of conventional TCRαβ+ T cells but is specifically required for the development of agonist-selected T cells (regulatory T cells, invariant natural killer T cells, and TCRαβ+ CD8αα+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes). The severe impairment of agonist-selected T cell development is mainly due to a defect in interleukin-2 (IL-2) or IL-15 signaling. Thus, STIM1 and STIM2-mediated store-operated Ca2+ influx, leading to efficient activation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells), is critical for the postselection maturation of agonist-selected T cells.

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    2013-08-20 维他命
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