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PLOS MED:埃博拉病毒临床疗法评价新方法

2015-04-30 赵洲译 MedSci原创

史上最大的埃博拉病毒疫情爆发仍在西非地区进行,导致了感染者中超过70%死亡。然而现在仍没有有效的疫苗和经过证明的具体针对埃博拉病毒的疗法。现在又几种临床研究性的疗法可能降低死亡率。但对这些疗法的评价只能在疫情爆发时才可以进行,此种评价方法需要对能在临床上提供显著好处的方法有更高的确证可能性,对无效的疗法可以做出正确的评估。 通过使用多平台的方法(简称MSA),一种用于评价埃博拉病毒疗法的程序

史上最大的埃博拉病毒疫情爆发仍在西非地区进行,导致了感染者中超过70%死亡。然而现在仍没有有效的疫苗和经过证明的具体针对埃博拉病毒的疗法。现在又几种临床研究性的疗法可能降低死亡率。但对这些疗法的评价只能在疫情爆发时才可以进行,此种评价方法需要对能在临床上提供显著好处的方法有更高的确证可能性,对无效的疗法可以做出正确的评估。

通过使用多平台的方法(简称MSA),一种用于评价埃博拉病毒疗法的程序得以建立。这包括了随机和非随机元素。这是一种连续监控的试验。如图,每14天获得一次结果,并做出以下之一的决策:停止并总结疗法有效(a)、有希望(b)或者无效(c)或者继续召集受试者。正确或错误地推荐试验性疗法的可能性、所需的样本容量以及传染病超过100天的结果都可以用这种方法得到。假设使用现有的标准支持疗法的人群中50%14天存活率,所以得试验设计都有相似的正确确定为有效疗法的可能性,但MSA可以更有效地避免推荐无效疗法。MSA可以更少病例接受无效的治疗并且更快地推出高效的疗法。假设每天新增100例埃博拉感染者,相较于连续性随机对照试验,MSA可以在最初的100天内降低6—15%的死亡率。

当可靠地提供与有效疗法相关证据时,MSA可以快速剔除无效的疗法。MSA可以适用于埃博拉病毒治疗的临床评价。

原始出处:

Evaluating Clinical Trial Designs for Investigational Treatments of Ebola Virus DiseaseCooper BS, Boni MF, Pan-ngum W, Day NPJ, Horby PW, et al. (2015) Evaluating Clinical Trial Designs for Investigational Treatments of Ebola Virus Disease.PLoS Med 12(4): e1001815. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001815

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    2015-05-02 huagfeg
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埃博拉病毒引起人体致命出血热的零星爆发,但是目前被批准的治疗仍然为零。细胞通过吞噬作用占用埃博拉病毒,其次是通过胞内囊泡的转运方式。然而,很少因素能够控制胞内病毒的运动。在这里,我们发现埃博拉病毒进入宿主细胞需要胞内钙离子通道,此通道被称为两孔通道( TPCs)。通过基因敲除破坏TPC作用,或干扰RNA链,或小分子抑制剂使病毒转运停止,并防止感染。经测试的最有效的小分子——汉防已甲素,可抑制埃博拉

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