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Mol Cell Biol:鉴别淋巴瘤突变的好坏

2013-01-07 Mol Cell Biol dxy 章金强

  熟悉X战警的人都知道,突变既可以是非常好也可以是非常糟糕,或者介于两者之间。相同的现象确实也发生在肿瘤细胞,肿瘤细胞可能存在的数以百计基因突变使它与人体其它细胞区别开来;科学的挑战是找出哪些突变是有害的以及哪些是无害的。现在,约翰霍普金斯医学院的研究者已经找到了一个将它们区别开来的新方法:他们制备一个与淋巴瘤相关的随机突变基因,检测该突变基因产生的蛋白是如何工作的,并且为肿瘤发生的潜在因子制作

  熟悉X战警的人都知道,突变既可以是非常好也可以是非常糟糕,或者介于两者之间。相同的现象确实也发生在肿瘤细胞,肿瘤细胞可能存在的数以百计基因突变使它与人体其它细胞区别开来;科学的挑战是找出哪些突变是有害的以及哪些是无害的。现在,约翰霍普金斯医学院的研究者已经找到了一个将它们区别开来的新方法:他们制备一个与淋巴瘤相关的随机突变基因,检测该突变基因产生的蛋白是如何工作的,并且为肿瘤发生的潜在因子制作一个突变目录。

  约翰霍普金斯医学院细胞工程研究所的医学博士、副教授乔尔波默朗茨说:“我们得目标就是找到淋巴瘤与各种潜在突变因素之间的关联”。这项研究将在2013年1月发行的分子细胞生物学发表,波默朗茨和他的研究团队研究的重点是CARD11蛋白。CARD11在提示存在感染方面起到关键性作用,它可以促使抗感染的白细胞生长及其分裂。某些突变可以使CARD11持久“开放”,导致细胞分化失去控制而产生的肿瘤叫做淋巴瘤,每年美国大约有75000人罹患此病。

  为了找出哪个基因突变会增加CARD11的活性,波默海茨和他的团队应用一种方法复制CARD11基因,这种方法使随机突变成为可能。然后他们应用有缺陷的复制基因去制作突变蛋白,并且检测这些蛋白的功能以促发CARD11特异性的信号反应。这就让研究者找出哪些基因突变增加了蛋白的活性,并且通过众多信息可以将人类淋巴瘤中CADR11突变进行数据对比。波默朗茨说:“我们确定我们已经在病人中发现一些过度活跃的突变”。

  波默朗茨指出CARD11是NF-KB信号转导通路的一部分,是某些癌症治疗的目标,新的编目技术能产生更多的个体化治疗方案。他说:“我们假设最终关联反应是能将某个特定理论与特定突变相对应”。目前,波默朗茨和他的团队正在深入研究是什么赋予了CARD11有害突变的特异能力,寻找机制来解释一定的改变是如何增加蛋白质的活性。

 

A quantitative signaling screen identifies CARD11 mutations in the CARD and LATCH Domains that induce Bcl10 ubiquitination and human lymphoma cell survival

ABSTRACT

Antigen receptor signaling to NF-κB, essential for normal lymphocyte activation, is dysregulated in several types of lymphoma. During normal signaling, the multidomain adapter CARD11 transitions from a closed, inactive state to an open, active scaffold that assembles a multiprotein complex, leading to NF-κB activation. The regulation of CARD11 scaffold function is bypassed by lymphoma-associated oncogenic CARD11 mutations that induce spontaneous signaling. We report an unbiased high-throughput quantitative signaling screen that identifies new CARD11 hyperactive variants and defines a LATCH domain that functions with the CARD to promote CARD11 autoinhibition. Gain-of-function mutations in the LATCH or CARD disrupt Inhibitory Domain binding, promote Bcl10 association, and induce Bcl10 ubiquitination, NF-κB activation, and human lymphoma cell survival. Our results identify CARD11 mutations with oncogenic potential, provide a mechanistic explanation for their signaling potency, and offer a straightforward method for the discovery of variants that promote the tumorigenesis of NF-κB-dependent lymphomas.

  



    

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    2013-11-27 sunylz
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    2013-12-05 维他命
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