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Cell Stem Cell:邓宏魁取得高效制备功能成熟人肝脏细胞的重大突破

2014-03-07 佚名 北京大学生命科学院

如何获得功能成熟的细胞是再生医学和药物研发领域所面临的长期挑战,这一问题始终未能取得根本性的突破。为了解决这个难题,生命科学学院邓宏魁研究组长期致力于制备功能成熟的人肝脏实质细胞的方法,在2007年首次实现了人胚胎干细胞向肝脏实质细胞的定向分化,在2009年首次实现了人诱导性多能干细胞向肝脏实质细胞的定向分化,该分化策略被国际上广泛应用。目前该研究组提出了一种全新的策略,成功地将人皮肤成纤维细胞诱

如何获得功能成熟的细胞是再生医学和药物研发领域所面临的长期挑战,这一问题始终未能取得根本性的突破。为了解决这个难题,生命科学学院邓宏魁研究组长期致力于制备功能成熟的人肝脏实质细胞的方法,在2007年首次实现了人胚胎干细胞向肝脏实质细胞的定向分化,在2009年首次实现了人诱导性多能干细胞向肝脏实质细胞的定向分化,该分化策略被国际上广泛应用。目前该研究组提出了一种全新的策略,成功地将人皮肤成纤维细胞诱导为具有成熟代谢功能的人诱导性肝脏实质细胞(human induced hepatocytes, hiHeps),该种细胞可在肝损伤小鼠模型中高效重建肝脏功能。2014年2月27日,该成果研究论文“Human Hepatocytes with Drug Metabolic Function Induced from Fibroblasts by Lineage Reprogramming” 于Cell子刊Cell Stem Cell杂志上在线发表。【原文下载

传统的转分化研究仅采用目标细胞的命运决定因子来诱导细胞类型的转变。邓宏魁研究组发现利用这一方法,仅仅过表达肝脏实质细胞的命运决定因子HNF1A、HNF4A和HNF6并不能获得功能成熟的人肝脏实质细胞,而只有在同时过表达功能成熟因子ATF5、PROX1和CEBPA的情况下,才能获得功能成熟的人肝脏实质细胞,且诱导效率超过90%。由这种新方法获得的细胞被命名为人诱导性肝脏实质细胞(human induced hepatocytes, hiHeps)。它具有成熟肝脏实质细胞的特征,特别是其药物代谢能力和肝脏毒素敏感性与新鲜分离的人成体原代肝脏实质细胞相当,为体外的药物高通量筛选提供了新的细胞来源。

这种hiHeps细胞首次在肝损伤的免疫缺陷小鼠上实现了高效重建肝脏功能。重建后的小鼠肝脏长期持续分泌高水平的人白蛋白,这种肝脏高度人源化的小鼠为人类肝炎病毒研究、药物代谢研究提供更加可靠的体内模型。研究组还发现hiHeps细胞长期移植后不会导致肿瘤的形成。更为重要的是,处于转分化中间状态的细胞具有极强的增殖能力,可在肝细胞功能成熟前扩增超过106倍,这意味着仅利用一滴血体积的人体细胞就可获得与人成体肝脏器官相当的人肝脏实质细胞数量,这一特征使得临床运用hiHeps进行细胞替代治疗极具应用前景。

这项工作首次表明细胞命运决定因子与细胞功能成熟决定因子的组合可以实现细胞功能的完全成熟,从概念上为解决其他细胞类型的功能成熟问题提供了突破性的新思路。此项新技术使得在体外高效获得大量功能成熟的人肝脏实质细胞成为了可能,为人肝脏实质细胞在药物研发、治疗肝功能衰竭的疾病、建立人源化肝脏小鼠疾病模型等方面的广泛应用提供了全新的细胞来源。

邓宏魁研究组的杜媛媛、王金琳、贾均、宋南、向晨罡为主要作者。邓宏魁教授与时艳副教授、解放军301医院的卢实春教授为共同通讯作者。该项工作主要得到国家重大科学研究计划、国家科技重大专项及北京市科技计划的经费支持。

原始出处:

Yuanyuan Du,Jinlin Wang,Jun Jia,Nan Song,Chengang Xiang,Jun Xu,Zhiyuan Hou,Xiaohua Su,Bei Liu,Tao Jiang,Dongxin Zhao,Yingli Sun,Jian Shu,Qingliang Guo,Ming Yin,Da Sun,Shichun Lu,Yan Shi,Hongkui Deng. Human Hepatocytes with Drug Metabolic Function Induced from Fibroblasts by Lineage Reprogramming. Cell Stem Cell, 28 February 2014; DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2014.01.008【原文下载

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    2014-09-27 维他命
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