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妊娠期及产褥期静脉血栓栓塞疾病诊治:2015英国皇家妇产科医师学会指南解读

2018-05-31 刘真 孙瑜 北京大学第一医院妇产科 中国围产医学杂志

2015年4月,英国皇家妇产科医师学会(Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, ROCG)发布了关于降低妊娠期及产褥期静脉血栓栓塞疾病发生风险的诊疗指南(Green-top Guideline No.37a)。

静脉血栓栓塞疾病(venous thromboembolism,VTE)包括深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞。孕产妇处于生理性高凝状态,是发生VTE的高危人群。肺栓塞是孕产妇猝死的主要原因之一。在我国,尽管孕产妇死亡的主要原因是产后出血,但随着国人生活饮食结构的改变及计划生育政策的调整,高龄孕妇逐年增多,妊娠期并发症,如妊娠期高血压疾病、糖尿病等的发病率升高;辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)使得双胎妊娠的发生率升高。这些都是发生VTE的危险因素,从而进一步使VTE的发病率及病死率升高。

2015年4月,英国皇家妇产科医师学会(Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists,ROCG)发布了关于降低妊娠期及产褥期静脉血栓栓塞疾病发生风险的诊疗指南(Green-top Guideline No.37a)。该指南是对2009年版本的更新,在孕前血栓风险评估、易栓症合并妊娠的诊疗预防血栓形成的时机和持续时间,以及预防措施等方面做了更新,阐述更为详尽。我国目前尚缺少关于妊娠期及产褥期VTE的指南。本文根据该指南更新的循证医学证据,对RCOG指南给出的推荐意见做一解读,以期更好地为临床工作者提供参考。

一、主要更新点

该指南主要更新点如下:

1.对妊娠期及产褥期VTE的危险因素评分细则更加完善。

2.对有VTE病史的孕妇建议分层管理

3.对抗磷脂抗体持续阳性的孕产妇,在合并其他血栓高危因素情况下,应考虑产前和产后预防血栓形成。

4.对于剖宫产产妇,尤其是对于合并肥胖、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病、双胎妊娠、有剖宫产史等危险因素的产妇,应在术后10 d内使用低分子量肝素(low molecular-weight heparin,LMWH)预防血栓形成。

5. LMWH是产前和产后预防血栓形成的首选药物,对母乳喂养是安全的。

6.在血栓形成风险极高的妊娠女性中,若存在出血风险升高可能或需局部麻醉时,普通肝素(unfractionated heparin)应优先于LMWH使用。

7.若在剖宫产术后使用普通肝素,应从术后第4~14天开始,每2~3天监测血小板计数直至停药。

8.不推荐使用阿司匹林预防妊娠期血栓形成。

二、VTE危险因素的评估

该指南推荐,对所有女性在孕前或早孕期进行VTE相关风险的详细评估。对于因妊娠期合并症住院、产程中及分娩后的孕产妇,应再次予风险评估。相比2009年发布的指南,2015年指南中列出的评分细则更加完善。见表1。2015年指南指出,若在产前阶段评分≥4分,应考虑自早孕期起开始预防血栓;评分=3分者,应考虑自孕28周起预防血栓形成。在产后阶段若评分≥2分,应考虑产后至少10 d内预防血栓;若产褥期延长住院(≥3 d)或再入院应考虑预防血栓形成。

在多种VTE危险因素中,高龄和肥胖等危险因素更值得关注。由于饮食结构改变、社会精神压力及缺乏运动等原因,肥胖人数逐年增加。大量研究表明,肥胖是发生妊娠期VTE的危险因素[2-3],且危险程度随体重增加而升高[4]。此外,由于我国计划生育政策调整,高龄孕产妇的比例也逐渐增大。有研究显示,35岁以上孕妇患VTE的相对危险度增加约2倍。美国一项较大规模的队列研究发现,35~44岁孕妇发生VTE的风险是25~34岁非孕妇女的2倍;对于高龄孕妇,产前发生VTE的风险无明显差异,产后发生VTE的风险为25~34岁孕妇的1.2倍[5]。因此,为了降低妊娠期及产褥期VTE的发生风险,应严格管理女性孕前和孕期的体重,鼓励女性在35岁之前生育。

三、有VTE病史的孕妇的管理

一项关于妊娠期与非妊娠期VTE复发率的回顾性研究显示,妊娠期VTE复发率为10.9%,非孕期为3.7%,妊娠期相对风险为3.5(95%CI:1.6~7.8)[6-7]。另有研究发现,在妊娠相关的VTE中,遗传性易栓症占20%~50%。因此,该指南推荐对有VTE病史的孕妇进行分层管理。(1)对于存在抗凝血酶缺乏或抗磷脂抗体综合征(antiphospholipid syndrome,APS)相关的VTE病史,以及VTE复发的孕产妇(通常长期口服抗凝药),产前及产后6周应予更高剂量LMWH预防血栓发生,同时应结合血液科专家的意见进行管理。(2)对于存在无明显诱因、特发性、与雌激素相关(包括含雌激素的避孕药或妊娠)或存在其他危险因素(除外手术)的原发性VTE病史的女性,应在整个产前阶段予LMWH预防血栓。(3)对于存在与手术相关且无其他危险因素的原发性VTE病史的女性,可自孕28周起预防性使用LMWH,且需要严密监测其他危险因素的出现和发展。

四、无症状易栓症合并妊娠的管理

该指南推荐,应根据易栓症的危险程度,以及是否存在家族史或其他危险因素,对孕妇进行分层管理。(1)对于无症状抗凝血酶、蛋白C、蛋白S缺乏或存在超过1项血栓形成倾向缺陷(包括莱顿第V因子纯合突变,抗凝血酶基因纯合突变或复合杂合子)的女性,应咨询相关专家意见,且应考虑产前预防应用抗凝药物。即使不存在其他危险因素,也建议此类患者产后6周内预防性使用抗凝药物。(2)该指南认为,莱顿第V因子杂合突变、凝血酶原基因突变、抗磷脂抗体阳性是无症状易栓症女性发生血栓的危险因素。除此之外,对于存在3项其他危险因素(表1中分数为1分的项目)的女性,也应考虑在产前预防血栓形成。若存在2项其他危险因素,则考虑自孕28周起预防血栓形成。若只存在1项其他危险因素,则考虑产后10 d内预防血栓形成。(3)对于无VTE病史及危险因素,但一级亲属存在无明显诱因或雌激素相关的VTE家族史(50岁以下发病)的孕妇,应做易栓症相关试验。

五、抗磷脂抗体持续阳性是否需要抗凝治疗

在无血栓病史及产科合并症情况下,由于凝血障碍或结缔组织病等原因,在孕产妇体内可检测到抗磷脂抗体。与存在血栓病史、复发性流产或胎停育的孕妇相比,狼疮抗凝物和/或抗心磷脂和/或抗β2糖蛋白1抗体持续阳性的孕产妇,发生VTE的风险很小。英国一项研究发现,抗磷脂抗体持续阳性并不会影响妊娠结局,但是多数学者认为,与莱顿第V因子或凝血酶原相似,抗磷脂抗体持续阳性可看作是血栓形成的危险因素[8]。因此,对于无VTE病史,但抗磷脂抗体持续阳性的孕产妇,在合并其他血栓形成危险因素情况下,应考虑产前产后预防血栓形成。

六、剖宫产术后是否应常规抗凝治疗

在发展中国家,孕产妇死亡的主要原因为产后出血。而妊娠期及产褥期VTE发病率较低,并未引起重视。因此目前我国关于剖宫产术后是否常规抗凝研究较少。然而在发达国家,产后大出血多数能被成功救治和预防,而VTE成为孕产妇死亡的主要原因之一。

除了本身存在一些血栓形成的高危因素且产前行预防性抗凝治疗的孕产妇外,目前我国剖宫产术后并不常规使用抗凝药物预防血栓形成。该指南推荐,对于所有行剖宫产术的产妇应在术后10 d内使用LMWH预防血栓形成。由于剖宫产术后产妇伤口疼痛及麻醉药物作用等因素,产妇短时间内无法下床活动,或活动量较小,血液长时间处于高凝状态,更易发生静脉栓塞及肺动脉栓塞。尤其是对于一些合并肥胖、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病、双胎妊娠、剖宫产史等危险因素的产妇。加拿大一项关于择期剖宫产及阴道分娩孕产妇死亡率及发病率的研究发现,择期剖宫产术后产妇发生VTE的风险至少是经阴道分娩产妇的2倍[9],而急诊剖宫产术后产妇发生VTE的风险是择期剖宫产术后产妇的2倍,是经阴道分娩产妇的4倍[10]。国外一些规模较大的研究发现,剖宫产术后产妇发生VTE的相对风险为经阴道分娩产妇的2~6.7倍[11-13]。但是,国内缺乏大规模临床研究证据支持,是否对所有剖宫产术后产妇常规抗凝治疗尚存在争议。国外多项研究的结果发现,对于合并双胎、妊娠期高血压疾病、肥胖、高龄等血栓形成高危因素的孕产妇,只要不存在使用LMWH的禁忌,为了进一步改善孕产妇围产结局,应推荐术后10 d内使用LMWH。

七、预防血栓形成的时机

近年来大量研究结果发现,由于孕期血液呈高凝状态,纤维蛋白原水平较非孕期升高,以及孕期日常活动减少等因素,晚孕期发生VTE的风险逐渐增高。产后(特别是产后1周内)发生VTE的风险也高于孕前[7]。因此,整个孕期都应警惕VTE的发生,并积极预防血栓形成。

1.产前:该指南推荐,对于存在VTE病史的女性,产前应尽早开始预防血栓形成。对存在4项及以上危险因素(见表1,除外VTE病史及易栓症)的孕妇,应考虑预防性使用LMWH至产后6周;对存在3项危险因素(除外VTE病史、易栓症)的孕妇,应考虑自孕28周起预防性使用LMWH至产后6周,且产后应再次评估血栓形成的风险。

2.产程中:该指南推荐,对于产前使用LMWH的女性,若发生阴道出血或一旦临产,应建议立即停药,且在入院后评估血栓形成的风险。对于产前使用LMWH且行择期剖宫产的孕妇,应在手术前1 d注射1次预防剂量LMWH,手术当天不再用药。

3.产后:大量基于人群的队列研究表明,产后发生VTE的风险包括产程延长、制动、感染、出血及输血等。因此,对于明确存在发生VTE风险的孕产妇,应根据其实际情况在产后10 d至6周内预防血栓形成。

八、预防血栓形成的药物

1.LMWH:在预防妊娠期VTE方面,LMWH与普通肝素一样安全有效[14-17]。但使用LMWH可降低肝素诱导性血小板减少症的发生风险[14-15,18.12]。一项2 777例孕妇使用LMWH预防VTE的系统回顾研究中,并未发现发生肝素诱导性血小板减少症的病例[14]。此外,有研究发现,孕期使用普通肝素可能导致骨质疏松和骨折,但LMWH发生此类问题的风险较低[15,19-22]。因此,指南指出,LMWH是产前和产后预防血栓形成的首选药物;LMWH的剂量主要取决于患者的体重。对应用过普通肝素的孕妇,只需监测血小板计数,不需要监测抗凝血因子Ⅹa水平。同时,母乳喂养过程中应用LMWH是安全的。

该指南还提出了LMWH的使用禁忌证,包括:(1)已知的出凝血障碍(如血友病、血管性血友病或获得性凝血病)。(2)活动性产前或产后出血。(3)存在发生产前、产后大出血风险的孕妇(如前置胎盘)。(4)血小板减少症(血小板计数<75×109/L)。(5)急性中风(出血或缺血性)的前4周。(6)严重肾脏疾病,肾小球滤过率低于30 ml/(min·1.73 m2)。(7)严重肝脏疾病(凝血酶原时间超过正常范围,或存在静脉曲张)。(8)血压控制不佳(收缩压>200 mmHg或舒张压>120 mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。

2.普通肝素:普通肝素的优点是半衰期短于LMWH,且与鱼精蛋白硫酸盐的结合完全可逆。该指南指出,在血栓形成风险极高的孕妇中,如果存在出血风险升高的可能,或需要行局部麻醉时,与LMWH相比,普通肝素可优先用于产褥期。

3.华法林:研究表明,华法林可穿透胎盘,导致胎儿先天性异常的发生风险升高,如特征性华法林胚胎病(约5%,表现为鼻骨发育不全、先天性心脏缺陷、室管膜缺损、脑室增宽、胼胝体发育不全或点状骨骺)、自然流产、胎死宫内、胎儿神经系统异常及母胎出血等。因此华法林仅限于在孕期不适用肝素的少数情况,如装有机械心脏瓣膜的孕妇。对于长期口服华法林抗凝治疗的孕妇,在产后出血发生风险降低后(通常在产后5~7 d),可以从LMWH转为华法林继续抗凝治疗。华法林对母乳喂养也是安全的。

4.其他:除上述药物外,小剂量阿司匹林、口服凝血酶和凝血因子Ⅹa抑制剂、右旋糖酐等也可用于预防血栓,但指南强调,当前不推荐在孕期及哺乳期使用非维生素K拮抗剂口服抗凝。目前尚无关于妊娠期使用阿司匹林预防血栓的对照研究。但对非妊娠期术后住院患者的研究发现,与肝素相比,每日口服300 mg阿司匹林对预防深静脉血栓形成的作用较小。对老年女性的研究也显示,低剂量阿司匹林预防VTE的效果与安慰剂相比较无差别。因此,不推荐阿司匹林用于妊娠期女性预防VTE[23-24]。此外,对于存在药物禁忌证的患者,可考虑使用弹力袜预防血栓形成。

九、总结

该指南与2009年版本相比,在妊娠期及产褥期VTE的治疗与预防方面,作出了更为完善且详细的描述,但高级别证据支持的推荐意见较少。因此仍需要更多的随机对照、多中心、前瞻性的循证医学证据来确定最优的诊疗方案及预防措施。与此同时,指南采用的循证医学证据多来自于欧美等发达国家,来自中国等发展中国家的循证医学证据甚少。我国作为一个人口大国,育龄妇女人群庞大,应对妊娠期及产褥期VTE给予足够的重视,进一步提高临床和基础研究水平,为该疾病的预防及诊疗提供高质量、可靠的临床证据。期待未来能有高级别的循证医学证据,并应用于临床实际工作中,以切实提高妊娠期和围产期妇女的医疗保健水平。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1955365, encodeId=7de5195536569, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0aeb991e44c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#静脉血#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99174, encryptionId=0aeb991e44c, topicName=静脉血)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d139492, createdName=xue8602, createdTime=Fri May 10 03:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2003465, encodeId=840320034658c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=86f02454375' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#产褥期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=24543, encryptionId=86f02454375, topicName=产褥期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=927d310, createdName=hywen7326, createdTime=Fri Dec 21 18:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1697700, encodeId=35b8169e700eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f2399910109' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#静脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99101, encryptionId=f2399910109, topicName=静脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bc129907796, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 04:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1251125, encodeId=55791251125d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=90494486837' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#妊娠期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44868, encryptionId=90494486837, topicName=妊娠期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1309585, encodeId=fe301309585e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=579644e60d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#妇产科#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44760, encryptionId=579644e60d4, topicName=妇产科)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5c82369, createdName=jiekemin, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551784, encodeId=51481551e847c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=305156401eb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#指南解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56401, encryptionId=305156401eb, topicName=指南解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb0214221999, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320231, encodeId=93e532023195, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:54:47 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320220, encodeId=94b232022085, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:36:35 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320211, encodeId=fefc3202118f, content=厉害了我的哥, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:32:11 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1955365, encodeId=7de5195536569, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0aeb991e44c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#静脉血#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99174, encryptionId=0aeb991e44c, topicName=静脉血)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d139492, createdName=xue8602, createdTime=Fri May 10 03:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2003465, encodeId=840320034658c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=86f02454375' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#产褥期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=24543, encryptionId=86f02454375, topicName=产褥期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=927d310, createdName=hywen7326, createdTime=Fri Dec 21 18:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1697700, encodeId=35b8169e700eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f2399910109' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#静脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99101, encryptionId=f2399910109, topicName=静脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bc129907796, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 04:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1251125, encodeId=55791251125d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=90494486837' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#妊娠期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44868, encryptionId=90494486837, topicName=妊娠期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1309585, encodeId=fe301309585e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=579644e60d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#妇产科#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44760, encryptionId=579644e60d4, topicName=妇产科)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5c82369, createdName=jiekemin, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551784, encodeId=51481551e847c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=305156401eb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#指南解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56401, encryptionId=305156401eb, topicName=指南解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb0214221999, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320231, encodeId=93e532023195, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:54:47 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320220, encodeId=94b232022085, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:36:35 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320211, encodeId=fefc3202118f, content=厉害了我的哥, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:32:11 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1955365, encodeId=7de5195536569, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0aeb991e44c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#静脉血#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99174, encryptionId=0aeb991e44c, topicName=静脉血)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d139492, createdName=xue8602, createdTime=Fri May 10 03:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2003465, encodeId=840320034658c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=86f02454375' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#产褥期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=24543, encryptionId=86f02454375, topicName=产褥期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=927d310, createdName=hywen7326, createdTime=Fri Dec 21 18:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1697700, encodeId=35b8169e700eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f2399910109' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#静脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99101, encryptionId=f2399910109, topicName=静脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bc129907796, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 04:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1251125, encodeId=55791251125d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=90494486837' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#妊娠期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44868, encryptionId=90494486837, topicName=妊娠期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1309585, encodeId=fe301309585e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=579644e60d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#妇产科#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44760, encryptionId=579644e60d4, topicName=妇产科)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5c82369, createdName=jiekemin, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551784, encodeId=51481551e847c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=305156401eb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#指南解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56401, encryptionId=305156401eb, topicName=指南解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb0214221999, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Fri Jun 01 22:50:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320231, encodeId=93e532023195, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:54:47 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320220, encodeId=94b232022085, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:36:35 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=320211, encodeId=fefc3202118f, content=厉害了我的哥, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Thu May 31 08:32:11 CST 2018, time=2018-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-01-09 fusion
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    2018-05-31 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-05-31 明月清辉

    谢谢分享.学习了

    0

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    2018-05-31 飛歌

    厉害了我的哥

    0

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