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Lancet Respir Med:异烟肼耐药肺结核:不同治疗方法哪家强?

2018-04-28 徐晓涵 环球医学网

耐药结核病临床分类很多,不同耐药类型其临床治愈率差异很大。耐药结核病的治疗需要制订正确、合理的治疗方案。2018年4月,发表在《Lancet Respir Med》的一项个体患者数据的Meta分析比较了异烟肼耐药肺结核的不同治疗方法。

耐药结核病临床分类很多,不同耐药类型其临床治愈率差异很大。耐药结核病的治疗需要制订正确、合理的治疗方案。2018年4月,发表在《Lancet Respir Med》的一项个体患者数据的Meta分析比较了异烟肼耐药肺结核的不同治疗方法。

背景:异烟肼耐药的利福平敏感(INH-R)肺结核是最常见的药物耐药形式,如果接受一线抗肺结核药物治疗,那么则与治疗失败、复发、获得性利福平耐药相关。本研究的目的为比较接受不同时长利福平、乙胺丁醇和吡嗪酰胺(REZ);氟喹诺酮类药物联合6个月或以上REZ;链霉素联合REZ核心方案治疗的INH-R肺结核患者的治疗成功率、死亡率和获得性利福平耐药率。

方法:研究的入组标准为INH-R肺结核患者并报道了治疗方案和结局,若是随机试验则不限患者数,若是队列研究则至少纳入了20例参与者。本研究分为两个系统评价,其中一个系统评价进行了检索更新(更新发表于2015年4月1日~2016年2月10日的文献),并进行了个人联系。患者个体数据从符合要求的作者处获取。患者个体数据Meta分析使用倾向得分匹配逻辑回归进行,从而评估治疗成功(治愈或治疗完成)、治疗期间死亡、获得性利福平耐药的调整比值比(aOR)和风险差。在不同治疗方案中检测了结局,从而评估以下不同治疗方案的影响:不同REZ治疗时间(≤6个月vs>6个月);将氟喹诺酮类药物添加到REZ中(氟喹诺酮类药物联合6个月或以上的REZ vs 6个月或以上的REZ);将链霉素添加到REZ中(链霉素联合6个月利福平和乙胺丁醇和1~3个月吡嗪酰胺vs 6个月或以上的REZ)。证据总体质量使用GRADE方法学评估。

结果:向57项队列研究和17项随机试验要求了个体患者数据,包括8089例INH-R肺结核患者。研究人员纳入了33个数据集,包括6424例患者,其中的23项研究中的3923例患者接受了与研究目的相关的治疗方案。与每天接受6个月(H)REZ方案(REZ+/-异烟肼)相比,延长使用时间到8~9个月具有相似的结局,因此,6个月或以上的(H)REZ用作随后的比较。将氟喹诺酮类药物添加到6个月或以上的(H)REZ中,与显着性高的治疗成功相关(aOR,2.8;95% CI,1.1~7.3),但是对死亡(aOR,0.7;95% CI,0.4~1.1)或获得性利福平耐药(aOR,0.1;95% CI,0.0~1.2)无显着影响。与6个月或以上(H)REZ相比,标准化的再治疗方案(2个月链霉素,3个月吡嗪酰胺,8个月异烟肼、利福平和乙胺丁醇)与显着性差的治疗成功相关(aOR,0.4;95% CI,0.2~0.7)。对于评估的所有结局和治疗方案,证据质量为非常低,这是由于多数数据的观察性本质、多样化的机构和不精确的估计值造成。

结论:INH-R肺结核患者中,与至少6个月的每天REZ治疗相比,联合氟喹诺酮类药物与更好的治疗成功相关,而联合链霉素与较差的治疗成功相关;然而,证据质量非常低。这些结果支持了在该重要且常见的药物耐药肺结核患者中,进行随机试验来鉴别最佳方案的重要性。

原始出处:
Fregonese F, Ahuja SD, Akkerman OW,et al. Comparison of different treatments for isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis.Lancet Respir Med. 2018 Apr;6(4):265-275. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30078-X.

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    2018-04-29 秀红

    学习了

    0

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    2018-04-28 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习

    0

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    2018-04-28 happsf

    学习

    0

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